Programme & Course Outcomes

Course Outcomes – Common Courses

English

Fine-Tune Your English

Pearls From The Deep 

Issues that matter 

Savouring The Classics 

Literature And/As Identity 

Illuminations 

Malayalam

ML1CCT01 KATHA SAHITHYAM (BA/BSc)

ML1CCT07 KATHA NOVEL (Model-2 BSc)

ML1CCT05 KATHAYUM KAVITHAYUM (Model 1 BCom)

ML1CCT11 KATHA, KAVITHA, NADAKAM (Model 2 BCom)

ML2CCT02 KAVITHA (BA/BSc)

ML1CCT08 KAVITHAYUM NADAKAVUM (Model-2 BSc)

ML2CCT06 ATHMAKATHA, LEKHANAM (Model 1 BCom)

ML2CCT 12 GADYAM, YAATHRA VIVARANAM (Model 2 BCom)

ML3CCT03 DRISHYAKALA SAHITHYAM (BA/BSc)

ML4CCT04 MALAYALA GADYA RACHANAKAL (BA/BSc)

Hindi

Prose & One –act Plays (Model  I – BA / BSc) 

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Discuss contemporary and ancient Hindi literature.
2. Explain the human rights and gender issues from environment studies.
3. Assess important features of various fictions, Hindi drama, one act plays and its authors.
4. Describe the importance of moral life and values in human life.

Short Stories & Novel (Model  I – BA / BSc) 

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Activate the consciousness and enable one to search new horizons of  life in one’s own way.
2. Classify different types of short stories , famous novels and its authors.

Poetry , Grammar and Translation (Model  I – BA / BSc) 

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Recommend the right use of Hindi words following the Grammar.
2. Translate from Hindi to English and vice versa.

Drama and Long Poem (Model  I – BA / BSc) 

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Analyze various modes of fiction together with postmodernism and modern poetry.
2. Develop awareness of culture and social responsibility.

Prose & Mass Media (Model – I – B.Com) 

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Discuss the relevance of communication in media & society.
2. Develop a sense of awareness on the environment and its various problems.

Poetry, Commercial  Correspondence & Translation (Model – I – B.Com) 

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Secure basic skill in translation through various exercises.
2. Translate from Hindi to English & Vice Versa.
3. Describe the emerging trends in aesthetic poetry.

Prose, Commercial  Correspondence & Translation (Model – II – B.Com)

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Secure basic skill in translation through various exercises.
2. Able to communicate in Hindi and carry out language teaching.

Poetry and Mass Media (Model – II – B.Com)

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Implement functional  Hindi in the fields of administration, science and technology.
2. Describe the role of communication in development media.
3. Examine the links between literature and film.

Poetry & One act Play (Model – II – B.Sc)

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Describe the importance of moral life and values in human life.
2. Discuss contemporary and ancient Hindi literature.

Prose and Short Stories (Model – II – B.Sc)

Upon successful completion of the course, a student will be able to

1. Develop a positive attitude about the environment.
2. Explain various types of fictions.

Programme Outcomes and Programme Specific Outcomes

B. A. English (Model I)

Programme Outcomes (POs)

The Undergraduate Programme in BA English intends to provide the following Programme Outcomes

1. The graduates have to acquaint with different streams of English Literature.
2. The graduates will have been equipped to approach a literary text with a critical mind.
3. The graduates have to gain competency in understanding and explaining the literature.
4. The graduates will have to acquire reading, listening, writing and speaking skills.
5. The graduates should integrate the understanding in English Literature with life situations.

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

1. The graduates should attain the capability to understand and interpret literature.
2. The graduates should gain competency in vocabulary and grammar.
3. The graduates should be able to develop the skills of creativity.
4. The graduates should be able to translate the knowledge to the application level.

Course Outcome (COs)

Methodology Of Literary Studies

On completion of the course, the student should be able to discern the following:

1. The emergence of literature as a specific discipline within the humanities.
2. The tenets of what is now known as traditional ‘approaches and also that of formalism’.
3. The shift towards contextual-political critiques of literary studies.
4. The questions raised by Cultural Studies and Feminism(s)
5. The issues of subalternity and regionality in the literary domain.

Introducing Language And Literature

On completion of the course, the student should be able to discern the following:

1. The evolution and the differential traits of the English language till the present time.
2. The evolution of literature from antiquity to postmodern times.
3. The diversity of genres and techniques of representation and narration
4. The links between literature and film as narrative expressions.
5. The emergence of British and American Literature through diverse periods

Harmony Of Prose

On completion of the course, the student shall be: 

1. Familiar with varied prose styles of expression. 
2. aware of eloquent expressions, brevity and aptness of voicing ideas in stylish language

Symphony Of Verse

On completion of the course the students shall have:

1. An understanding of the representation of poetry in various periods of the English tradition.
2. An awareness of the emerging cultural and aesthetic expressions that poetry makes possible.

Modes Of Fiction

On completion of the course, the student will 

1. have comprehended the categories of British and non- British short fiction, and also the novel as a form of literary expression.

Language And Linguistics

This course seeks to achieve the following:

1. To show the various organs and processes involved in the production of speech, the types and typology of speech sounds, segmental & suprasegmental features of the English language, and transcription using IPA.
2. To describe and explain morphological processes and phenomena.
3. To show the various processes involved in the generation of meaning.
4. To enhance students ‘awareness that natural language is structure dependent and generative and to develop their ability to observe, describe and explain grammatical processes and phenomena.

B. A. Economics (Model I)

Programme Specific Outcomes

Course Outcomes

EC1CRT01 Perspectives and Methodology of Economics

1. Understand the different schools of Economic thought and various aspects of social science research, methodology, concepts, tools and various issues

EC2CRT02 Micro Economic Analysis I

1. Understand introductory microeconomic theory, solve basic microeconomic problems, and use these techniques to answer various policy questions related to the operation of the real economy.

EC3CRT03 Micro Economic Analysis II

1. Understand consumer and firms’ behaviour and to analyze different types of market structures and use economic tools to analyze economic policies.

EC3CRT04 Economics Of Growth & Development

1. Acquaint with the basic concepts and issues of growth and development from classical approach to the modern approaches to development.

EC4CRT05 Macro Economics I

1. Understand the various issues in Macroeconomics like national income accounting and acquaint with the various schools of macroeconomics and the related concepts and principles.

EC4CRT06 Public Economics

1. Understand the working of the public finance system and to gain knowledge about the working of the Indian public finance.

EC5CRT07 Quantitative Techniques

1. Familiarize the body of mathematics to enable the study of economic theory, statistics and econometrics at the undergraduate level.

EC5CRT08 Macro Economics II

1. Analyze the economic issues of inflation, unemployment, business cycles and money supply and examine fiscal and monetary policies.

EC5CRT09 Environmental Economics

1. Familiarize and discuss about the continuing problems of pollution, loss of forget, solid waste disposal, degradation of environment, issues like economic productivity and national security, Global warming, the depletion of ozone layer and loss of biodiversity.

EC5CRT10 Introductory Econometrics

1. Understand the basic concepts in Econometrics such as PRF, SRF, simple and multiple regression, OLS estimation, goodness of fit and problems in econometric modeling.

EC5OPT01 Fundamentals of Economics

1. Acquaint with the basic ideas and concepts in Economics, for students of other disciplines.

EC6CRT11 Quantitative Methods

1. Study various statistical methods and tools that are essential to collect, analyze and interpret empirical data.

EC6CRT12 International Economics

1. Acquire a thorough understanding and deep knowledge about the basic principles that tend to govern the flow of trade in goods and services at the global level.

EC6CRT13 Money & Financial Markets

1. Gather preliminary idea about the working of various financial market segments as well as the functioning of major regulators.

EC6CRT14 Indian Economy

1. Analyze the economic development achieved by the country since independence and acquaint with its economic planning, demographic features, major sectors of the economy and various development issues.

EC6CBT 02 Business Economics

1. Understand how analytical tools of micro and macroeconomics are applied for solving many practical business problems.

B. A. History (Model I)

Programme Outcomes

1. Gain an understanding of historical events and their implications in different regions of the world.
2. Acquire the skill to gather information from various sources for interpreting historical events.
3. Understand different schools of thought in history to gain knowledge about historical arguments.
4. Evaluate competing interpretations and multiple narratives of the past.
5. Acquire the skills for critical review and analysis of the background, events, and implications that shape history.
6. Develop the skills for further studies and historical research.
7. Obtain the ability to demonstrate knowledge of history in competitive examinations and careers.

Programme Specific Outcomes

1. Attain a comprehensive and well-rounded education in History, encompassing diverse historical periods, regions, and themes.
2. Equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to pursue employment opportunities in various sectors such as education, research, heritage conservation, museum curation, publishing, and government services.
3. Prepare students for advanced studies in History at the post-graduate level, fostering a deep understanding of historical methodologies, theories, and research practices.
4. Provide a conducive and well-resourced learning environment that supports the exploration and analysis of historical narratives, primary sources, and archival materials.

Course Outcomes

HY1CRT01 PERSPECTIVES AND METHODOLOGIES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES – HISTORY

1. Develop a broad understanding of Social Science disciplines and their historical contexts, including Sociology, Anthropology, Political Science, and Economics.
2. Analyze and address contemporary regional, national, and global issues through historical perspectives and methodologies.
3. Engage with fundamental principles and epistemological frameworks underlying Social Sciences, fostering critical thinking and analytical skills.

COMPLEMENTARY COURSE: EC1CMT01 PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS (GENERAL ECONOMICS)

1. Acquire foundational knowledge of microeconomic theory, including market dynamics, supply and demand, and consumer behavior.
2. Develop analytical skills for economic problem-solving and decision-making.
3. Explore consumer behavior theories and methodologies for analyzing consumer choices and preferences.

HY2CRT02 UNDERSTANDING EARLY INDIA: FROM HUNTING GATHERERS TO LAND GRANTS

1. Gain insight into the Prehistoric Cultures of India, including the lifestyle, technologies, and socio-cultural practices of early human societies.
2. Explore the transition from hunting and gathering to settled agricultural communities, including the emergence of land grants and socio-political structures.

COMPLEMENTARY COURSE: EC2CMT02 BASIC ECONOMIC STUDIES (GENERAL ECONOMICS)

1. Develop a basic understanding of macroeconomic principles, including national income accounting, fiscal policy, and monetary policy.
2. Examine general issues impacting the Indian economy and the regional economy of Kerala, including economic development, trade, and investment.

HY3CRT03 POLITY, SOCIETY AND ECONOMY IN PRE-COLONIAL INDIA

1. Explore the intricate interplay between politics, society, and the economy in Pre-Colonial India, including the governance structures, social hierarchies, and economic systems.
2. Analyze the dynamics of power relations, social stratification, and economic organization in Pre-Colonial Indian societies.

HY3CRT04 CULTURAL TRENDS IN PRE-COLONIAL KERALA

1. Understand the geographical and ecological factors influencing Kerala’s history, including the role of the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean trade routes.
2. Examine the historiography and sources used to reconstruct Kerala’s pre-colonial history, including traditional, primary, and secondary sources, as well as folklore and oral history.

COMPLEMENTARY COURSE: PS3CMT01 AN INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE (POLITICAL SCIENCE)

1. Explore the historical and analytical framework of Political Science, including theories of state formation, governance, and political institutions.
2. Examine the constitutional design and institutional framework of government, including the principles of democracy, freedom, and representation.
3. Analyze the socio-political dynamics shaping contemporary politics, including the role of institutions, historical legacies, and political processes.

HY4CRT05 MAKING OF MODERN KERALA

1. Investigate the historical context of European colonialism in Kerala and indigenous resistance movements, including the impact on socio-political structures and cultural transformations.
2. Examine the processes of modernization and socio-economic change in Kerala during the colonial and post-colonial periods.

HY4CRT06 RESEARCHING THE PAST

1. Familiarize students with fundamental concepts, terminologies, and categories of historical inquiry, facilitating a deeper understanding of history as a scholarly discipline.
2. Explore the scientific methodologies and approaches employed in historical research, including the analysis of primary sources, critical interpretation, and historical writing techniques.

COMPLEMENTARY COURSE: PS4CMT04 RIGHTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN INDIA (POLITICAL SCIENCE)

1. Gain comprehensive knowledge of the concept of Human Rights, including its origins, evolution, and philosophical foundations.
2. Understand the legal frameworks and international mechanisms for the protection and promotion of Human Rights, both nationally and internationally.

HY5CRT07 INHERITANCE AND DEPARTURES IN HISTORIOGRAPHY

1. Trace the evolution of historiographical trends from traditional approaches to contemporary methodologies, including the influence of cultural, social, and intellectual factors.
2. Enhance critical reading and interpretation skills through the analysis of historical writings, perspectives, and interpretations.

HY5CRT08 INDIA: NATION IN THE MAKING

1. Examine the impact of British colonial rule on India’s socio-economic and political landscape, including the rise of nationalist movements and the struggle for independence.
2. Analyze the processes of nation-building and identity formation in colonial and post-colonial India, including challenges of diversity, regionalism, and integration.

HY5CRT09 STATE AND SOCIETY IN ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL WORLD

1. Develop an understanding of prehistoric societies, including the biological and cultural evolution of early human communities, technological advancements, and the transition to agrarian societies.
2. Explore the socio-economic and political dynamics of ancient and medieval civilizations, including patterns of governance, trade, and cultural exchange.

HY5CRT10 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN HISTORICAL OUTLINE

1. Acquire knowledge of environmental science and studies, including the historical interactions between human societies and the environment.
2. Examine the intersection of environmental issues with human rights concerns, including the impacts of environmental degradation on vulnerable communities and the role of environmental activism in promoting social justice.

OPEN COURSE: HY5CTO2 SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF MODERN REVOLUTIONS

1. Identify the historical origins, causes, and consequences of selected world revolutions, including their social, economic, and political implications.
2. Analyze the role of revolutions in shaping modern India’s socio-economic and political landscape, including their impact on economic development.

B. Sc. Mathematics (Model I)

Programme Specific Outcomes

PSO1. Acquire advanced proficiency in various branches of mathematics including calculus, algebra, analysis, and geometry.

PSO2. Apply mathematical concepts and techniques to solve problems in diverse fields such as science, engineering, finance, and technology.

PSO3. Develop research and innovation skills to contribute to the advancement of mathematical knowledge and its applications.

PSO4. Collaborate effectively with professionals from other disciplines to address interdisciplinary challenges using mathematical methods.

Course Outcomes

Semester	NAME OF THE COURSE	COURSE OUTCOME
I	MM1CRT01: Foundation of Mathematics	Understand fundamental concepts in set theory, logic, and mathematical reasoning.
II	MM2CRT01: Analytic Geometry, Trigonometry, and Differential Calculus	Demonstrate proficiency in analytic geometry and trigonometry.Compute derivatives of elementary functions using differential calculus.
III	MM3CRT01: Calculus	Understand the concepts of limits, continuity, and differentiability.Compute derivatives and integrals of functions of single and multiple variables.
IV	MM4CRT01: Vector Calculus	Understand vector operations and vector-valued functions.Compute gradients, divergences, and curls of vector fields.
V	MM5CRT01: Mathematical Analysis	Understand the theoretical foundations of mathematical analysis.Analyze sequences and series, including convergence tests.Apply mathematical analysis techniques to study functions and their properties.
V	MM5CRT02: Differential Equations	Solve ordinary differential equations using various methods including separation of variables and integrating factors.Apply differential equations to model real-world phenomena in physics, engineering, and biology.
V	MM5CRT03: Abstract Algebra	Understand algebraic structures such as groups, rings, and fields.Analyze properties of algebraic structures and their applications in different mathematical contexts.
V	Human Rights and Mathematics for Environmental Studies	Understand the role of mathematics in real world.
VI	MM6CRT01: Real Analysis	Understand the theory of real numbers and real-valued functions.Prove basic theorems in real analysis using rigorous mathematical arguments.Apply real analysis techniques to study continuity, differentiability, and integration.
VI	MM6CRT02: Graph Theory and Metric Spaces	Understand basic concepts in graph theory and metric spaces.Analyze properties of graphs and metric spaces using mathematical techniques.
VI	MM6CRT03: Complex Analysis	Understand the theory of complex numbers and complex-valued functions.Compute derivatives and integrals of complex functions using Cauchy’s integral theorem and residue calculus.
VI	MM6CRT04: Linear Algebra	Understand fundamental concepts in linear algebra including vector spaces and linear transformations.Analyze properties of matrices and determinants.Apply linear algebra techniques to solve systems of linear equations and study eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
VI	MM6CBT02: Basic Python Programming and Typesetting in LaTeX	Demonstrate proficiency in writing and executing Python programs to solve basic computational problems.Utilize LaTeX typesetting to create professional-quality documents, including mathematical expressions and scientific reports.

B. Sc. Physics (Model I)

Programme Outcomes

• To understand the theories and principles of Physics
• To understand the basic concepts, fundamental principles, and the scientific theories and their relevance in the day-to-day life
• To generate an interest in the emerging areas of Physics like Material Science, Nanotechnology, Astrophysics etc.
• To acquire a wide range of problem solving skills, both analytical and computational and to apply them
• To understand the set of physical laws which describe the nature of physical phenomena and to establish them by experiments.
• To develop an understanding on alternative sources of energy
• To cultivate and regenerate scientific temperament in students while leading their future lives.  

Programme Specific Outcomes

Students will get

PSO1. A firm foundation in every aspect of Physics and awareness about modern trends in physics by developing experimental, computational and mathematical skills. 

PSO2.  Verbal, mathematical and graphical analysis skills by understanding and interpreting physical informations

PSO3. Bridging between the plus two and postgraduate levels by acquiring a logical framework in almost all areas of basic physics. 

PSO4. Skill enhancement in students by imparting the technical know hows and industrial expertise required for successful employment.

PSO5. Familiarity in various interdisciplinary applications of Physics to accomplish the career dreams.

PSO6. Experiment skills in the laboratory to understand the laws and concepts of Physics.

Course Outcomes

SEMESTER 1 

CORE COURSE 

PH1CRT01 METHODOLOGY AND PERSPECTIVE OF PHYSICS

CO1. Develop the concept of physics and advances in physics. 

CO2. Improve the mathematical and experimental skills of students. 

CO3. Motivate interest in Physics by learning various practical aspects of Physics

SEMESTER 2 

CORE COURSE 

PH2CRT02 MECHANICS AND PROPERTIES OF MATTER 

CO1. Provide an overall idea on various physical motions and governing parameters. 

CO2. Attain a common level in basic mechanics and understand them in the contest of day to day life.

CO2. Build an information about the application of material properties in a real-world -Elasticity, Hydrodynamics, Oscillations. 

CORE PRACTICAL- 1 (Semester 1&2) 

PH2CRP01 MECHANICS AND PROPERTIES OF MATTER 

CO1. Apply the theory learnt at an experiment level to determine the properties of materials. CO2. Develop experimental skills by trial and error methods  through a series of practical lab sessions. 

CORE COURSES 

PH3CRT03 OPTICS, LASER AND FIBRE OPTICS

CO1. Build interest to learn the advanced Physics topics. 

CO2. Give fundamental knowledge on light interaction with matter and its applications. 

CO3. Acquire practical applications of optical devices

PH4CRP02 CORE PRACTICAL II OPTICS AND SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS (Semester 3 & 4) 

CO1. Enhance experimental skills. 

CO2. Provide adequate knowledge to build basic electronic circuits and also on optical experiments Spectrometer, Lens, Newton’s Rings. 

SEMESTER 4 

CORE COURSE 

PH4CRT04 SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS 

CO1. Learn the theory of basic electronic components like diode, Transistor, FET and conduct electronic circuit applications. 

CO2. Acquire practical awareness on different types of amplifiers and integrated circuits.

SEMESTER 5 

CORE COURSES 

PH5CRT05 ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRODYNAMICS 

CO1. Know about the fundamental laws and concepts in Electricity and Magnetism-Maxwell’s equations. 

CO2. Develop skills to analyse the role of voltage and current in AC and DC circuits. 

PH5CRT06 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS 

CO1. Learn Lagrangian and Hamiltonian principles and its applications to simplify the problems in classical physics. 

CO2. Identify the limitations of classical physics and the application of quantum theory to the experimental results. 

CO3. Learn the concept of wave function, measurable quantity, Schrodinger equation, its applications particle in a box. 

PH5CRT07 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND PROGRAMMING 

CO1. Understand the basic Digital Operation principles and various Digital Gates performing the Digital Operations. 

CO2. C++ programming builds computational skills along with numerical solutions to physical problems. 

PH5CRT08 ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSICS AND HUMAN RIGHTS 

CO1. Develop the sense of awareness among the students about the environment and its various problems and help to protect nature and natural resources. 

CO2. Acquire the basic knowledge about the environment and the social norms that provide unity with environmental characteristics and create a positive attitude about the environment. 

PRACTICAL COURSES 

PH6CRP03 CORE PRACTICAL III ELECTRICITY, MAGNETISM, LASER (Semester 5&6) 

CO1. Gain practical knowledge on the generation of Magnetic Fields and determination of Magnetic Moments. 

CO2. Attain practical knowledge on the conversion of Galvanometer to Voltmeter and Ammeter, calibration of measuring instruments and practical verifications of Electric Network Theorems. 

CO3. Learn the application of Laser to determine the wavelength of light. 

PH6CRP04 CORE PRACTICAL IV DIGITAL ELECTRONICS (Semester 5&6) 

CO1. Learn the function of digital IC, input and output relation of Digital Gates, Digital Circuits and the methods to build a Digital Circuit. 

PH6CRP05 CORE PRACTICAL V THERMAL-PHYSICS, SPECTROSCOPY AND C++ (Semester 5 & 6) 

CO1. Learn the electrical resistance variation of materials with temperature and temperature charac teristics. 

CO2. Identify the variation of refractive index with materials and learns the resolving power of optical experiments. 

CO3. Have practical knowledge on C++ programming and its application to numerical problems. 

PH6CRP06 CORE PRACTICAL VI ACOUSTICS, PHOTONICS AND ADVANCED SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS 

CO1. Learn the application of vibration of strings to determine the material properties. 

CO2. Understand the basic knowledge on the Current-Voltage Characteristics of semiconductor devices and its measurements to determine the physical constants. 

CO3. Get practical knowledge on advanced electronic circuits. 

OPEN COURSE 

PH5OPT02 Our Universe

CO1. Understand the history of developments of Physics and learn the various understandings about the universe

CO2. Learn the observational astronomical methods to explore more about universe

SEMESTER 6 

CORE COURSES 

PH6CRT09 THERMAL AND STATISTICAL PHYSICS 

CO1. Have deep knowledge in laws of thermodynamics and its application to real system. CO2. Learn to calculate the efficiency of heat engines. 

CO3. Gain a broad knowledge on different statistical approach in thermodynamics.

 CO4. Learn the fundamental concept of bosons and fermions. 

PH6CRT10 RELATIVITY AND SPECTROSCOPY 

CO1. Learn the effect of motion relative to reference frames and Einstein special theory of relativity. 

CO2. Have basic understanding on the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with molecules-Raman Scattering, NMR, ESR, IR and Microwave spectrums. 

PH6CRT11 NUCLEAR, PARTICLE PHYSICS AND ASTRO-PHYSICS 

CO1. Get a deep understanding of the nucleus of an atom and its stability. 

CO2. Learn more about the nuclear detectors, nuclear transformation, elementary particles, cosmic rays. 

CO3. Obtain a general idea on stellar position, Stellar intensity, birth and death of a star. 

PH6CRT12 SOLID STATE PHYSICS 

CO1. Learn the basics of crystal structure and its determination. 

CO2. Attain a good knowledge on the bonding in materials, free electron band theory and semiconductor Physics. 

CO3. Learn the properties of materials–Dielectric, Magnetic and superconductors. 

PH6CBT02 MATERIAL SCIENCE (ELECTIVE COURSE) 

CO1. Have a broad knowledge on classification of materials, its thermal and mechanical properties. CO2. Learn the optical absorption process in materials and display properties of materials. 

CO3. Learn the importance of nanoscience in daily life, basic fundamentals, different types of nanomaterials, preparation and its characterisation. 

PH6PRO01 PROJECT AND INDUSTRIAL VISIT 

CO1. Develop their experimental skills through a series of experiments. 

CO2. Obtain an exposure to the real application of physics and learns how the instruments works in a industry/organisation. 

Complementary Courses

PH1CMT01 PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND ERROR ANALYSIS (PHYSICS) 

CO1. Provide theoretical knowledge on elasticity and its applications. 

CO2. Learn different laws governing the flow of liquids and also learn Viscosity, Surface Tension and Hydrodynamics. 

CO3. Impart a broad knowledge on error analysis during physical measurements. 

PH2CMT01 MECHANICS AND ASTROPHYSICS (PHYSICS) 

CO1. Have better knowledge on physical quantities and their importance in various physical motions. 

CO2. Understand the physics of small oscillations and wave propagation through matter.

 CO3. Have broad knowledge on different types of stars and their evolution. 

PH2CMP01 COMPLEMENTARY PHYSICS PRACTICAL 1 (Semester 1&2) 

CO1. Develop experimental skills through a series of oriented lab sessions. 

CO2. Perform basic physics experiments learnt during the semesters. 

CO3. Learn to build basic electronic circuits and optical experiments using Spectrometer. 

PH3CMT01 MODERN PHYSICS AND ELECTRONICS (PHYSICS) 

CO1. Get a theoretical idea on atomic models and principles. They also attain a good knowledge on nucleus and nuclear particles. 

CO2. Learn the development of quantum mechanics, wave functions and Schrodinger equation. They also have an idea on the physics of molecular spectroscopy. 

CO3. Gain basic knowledge on analog and digital electronics. 

PH4CMT01 OPTICS AND ELECTRICITY (PHYSICS) 

CO1. Attain a better understanding on optical phenomena Interference, Diffraction and Polarisation. CO2. Understand the application of light in the field of fibre optics and lasers. CO3. Have knowledge on dielectrics and time varying currents in electrical circuits. 

PH4CMP02 COMPLEMENTARY PHYSICS PRACTICAL- 2 (Semester 3&4)

 CO1. Know about practical application of theory. 

CO2. Know about physics experiments like rectifiers using diodes, conversion of galvanometer to voltmeter, calibration of ammeter and voltmeter, digital circuits etc. 

PH1CMT02 PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND THERMODYNAMICS (PHYSICS)

CO1. Get theoretical knowledge on elasticity and its applications. 

CO2. Learn different laws governing the flow of liquids and also obtain a good knowledge on Viscosity, Surface Tension and Hydrodynamics. 

CO3. Learn the laws of thermodynamics, its applications and Maxwell’s equations. 

PH2CMT02 MECHANICS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY (PHYSICS) 

CO1. Have a better knowledge on physical quantities and their importance in various physical motions. 

CO2. Understand the physics of small oscillations and wave propagation through matter. CO3. Learn the superconducting phenomena and its applications. 

PH2CMP01 COMPLEMENTARY PHYSICS PRACTICAL 1 (Semester 1 & 2) 

CO1. Develop experimental skills through a series of oriented lab sessions. 

CO2. Learn to perform basic physics experiments learned during the semester. CO3. Learn to build basic electronic circuits and optical experiments using Spectrometer. 

SEMESTER 3 

PH3CMT02 MODERN PHYSICS AND MAGNETISM(PHYSICS) 

CO1. Get a theoretical idea on atomic models and principles and attain a good knowledge on nucleus and nuclear particle emission. 

CO2. Learn the development of quantum mechanics, wave functions and Schrodinger equation. Have an idea on the physics of molecular spectroscopy. 

CO3. Gain basic knowledge on electronics and magnetic properties of matter. 

PH4CMT02 OPTICS AND SOLID STATE PHYSICS (PHYSICS) 

CO1. Attain a better understanding on optical phenomena Interference, Diffraction and Polarisation. 

CO2. Learn the application of light in the field of fibre optics and lasers. 

CO3. Have knowledge on dielectrics and crystal structures of solids. 

PH4CMP02 COMPLEMENTARY PHYSICS PRACTICAL-2 (Semester 3 & 4)

CO1. Acquire knowledge on practical application of theory they learned during the semester. 

CO2. Acquire knowledge on physics experiments like rectifiers using diodes, conversion of galvanometer to voltmeter, calibration of ammeter and voltmeter, digital circuits etc. 

B. Sc. Chemistry (Model I)

Programme Specific Outcome (PSO’s)

PSO1. Understand basic facts and concepts in Chemistry so as to develop interest in the study of chemistry as a discipline.

PSO2. Develop the ability to understand the basic reaction mechanisms in chemistry

 PSO3. Understand the importance of chemistry in managing the social issues in Environment

PSO4. Create an awareness of the impact of chemistry on the environment, society and development outside the scientific community.

PSO5. To know the recent developments in Chemistry.

PSO6. Employ critical thinking and the scientific method to design, carry out, record and analyze the results of chemical experiments and get an awareness of the impact of chemistry on the environment and the society.

PSO7. Create awareness to become an enlightened citizen with commitment to deliver one’s responsibilities within the scope of bestowed rights and privileges

Course Outcomes

Sem	Course	Course Outcome (CO)
I	CH1CRT01 – GENERAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY	CO1-To study about Methodology of Chemistry CO2-To learn about the development of periodic table and periodic properties CO3-To understand the analytical Methods in Chemistry CO4-To study about Chromatographic Methods  CO5-To learn about evaluation of analytical data
II	CH2CRT02 – THEORETICAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY	CO1- To understand the historical development of atomic theory, knowledge of the fundamental atomic concepts, familiarity with atomic models and understanding of quantum mechanics to be applied to the atomic structure. CO2 – To gain knowledge of chemical bonding CO3 – To gain insight of the periodic trends CO4 – To develop problem solving skills in applying theoretical concepts and principles to solve problems related to chemical bonding
II	CH2CRP01 – VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS	CO1-Study the basic skills in laboratory to prepare solutions, weighing, how to handle apparatus CO2-to develop skills in quantitative estimations of acids, bases, complexometric titrations
III	CH3CRT03- ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I	CO1- Understanding the fundamental principles and concepts of organic chemistry CO2-Learning IUPAC naming of Organic compounds CO3- Knowledge of the basic principles regarding  the reactivity of organic compounds, reactive intermediates, reaction mechanisms CO4-Familiarity with the principles of stereochemistry
IV	CH4CRT04- ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II	CO1- Understanding the fundamental principles and concepts of organic chemistry. CO2- Conceptualization of organic reaction mechanisms and their applications. CO3- Ability to predict and explain the reactivity of organic compounds. CO4-Familiarity with the structure, properties, and reactions of different classes of organic compounds such as aromatic compounds, alcohols, phenols, ethers, carbonyl compounds, carboxylic acids, and their derivatives. CO5-Ability to solve problems related to organic chemical reactions and mechanisms.
IV	CH4CRP02 – QUALITATIVE ORGANIC ANALYSIS	CO1-to develop skill in identifying an organic compound CO2-to identify a functional group and elements , to prepare a derivative of the organic compound CO3-to measure the physical constants of the organic compound
V	CH5CRT05-ENVIRONMENT, ECOLOGY AND HUMAN RIGHTS	CO1. Develop an idea about the multidisciplinary nature of Environmental studies. CO2. Study about different ecosystems and its importance. CO3. To be aware of environment related social issues. CO4. Understand the different types of pollution and different toxins related to it. CO5. Develop knowledge about human rights and laws related to it.
V	CH5CRT06- ORGANIC CHEMISTRY –III	CO1.Develop a deep understanding of nitrogen containing compounds. CO2. Study the structure and properties of heterocyclic compounds. CO3.Learn the chemistry of drugs,dyes, polymeric compounds, soaps, detergents, and organic reagents. CO4.Understand the preparation, structure and reactions of carbonyl compounds.
V	CH5CRT07 – PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY – I	CO1. Gain a foundational understanding of the diverse states of matter by exploring the interactions between molecules. CO2. Understand solids and crystalline state with classification of solids and molecular symmetry. CO3. Explore liquid state, gaseous states, and different solutions. CO4. Get an idea about surface chemistry and colloids grasping their significance and applications.
V	CH5CRT08- PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY-II	CO1-To know the difference between classical mechanics and quantum mechanics and to understand the applications of quantum mechanics CO2-Study the principle and applications of microwave, infra-red, Raman, electronic and magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electron spin resonance spectroscopy.
V	OPEN COURSE: CH5OPT01- CHEMISTRY IN EVERYDAY LIFE	CO1- To connect the significance of chemistry in day to day life CO2- Develop a basic ideas about food additives, adulteration , polymers, contents in present in day to day using materials (soap, tooth paste, medicines  etc) CO3 -Familiarize the basic concepts of Agricultural chemistry CO4 – understand basic knowledge and application about  the emerging multidisciplinary area  of Nanomaterials
VI	CH6CRT09-INORGANIC CHEMISTRY	CO1-To study the fundamentals in coordination chemistry and to understand the properties of coordination compounds CO2-To have an idea about organometallic compounds CO3-To have an elementary idea of bioinorganic compounds CO4-To understand the structure and properties of boron compounds and interhalogen compounds
VI	CH6CRT10- ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – IV	CO1-to study the structure elucidation of  alkaloids and terpenes CO2-to have a detailed study of amino acids, enzymes and nucleic acid CO3-to know the extraction, refining and properties of lipids, to have an idea on vitamins, steroids and hormones CO4-to have an elementary idea on supramolecular chemistry  CO 5- to familiarize the concept of Organic photochemical reactions and its mechanism.
VI	CH6CRT11-PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY –III	CO1- To understand the basic concepts of thermodynamics and its applications in chemistry CO2- To know the thermodynamics of different phases of materials CO3- To understand the thermodynamics behind phase changes in different chemical systems. CO4- To obtain an idea of the fundamental mathematical equations and concepts of chemical kinetics CO5- To get insight into the fundamentals of the kinetics of different chemical reactions
VI	CH6CRT12- PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY -IV	CO1. Study the behaviour of solutions and their properties  CO2. To have a deep understanding in electrochemical cells, electrolytic cells, concentration cells CO3. To understand more about electrical conductance and applications of conductance measurements  CO4. To know more about the photochemistry of reactions  CO5. Study the concepts of group theory in finding the point groups of simple molecules and in the construction of Group multiplication table of C2V
VI	CH6CBT02- NANOCHEMISTRY AND NANOTECHNOLOGY	CO1. Get an idea about the newly emerging inter-disciplinary scientific branch Nanotechnology. CO2. Get introduced to nanomaterials, to understand the synthesis, properties and applications of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and quantum dots.  CO3. Develop a basic knowledge on the important methods for the characterization of nanomaterials. CO4. Understand electrical and optical properties of different nanomaterials and their applications.
VI	CH6CRP03- QUALITATIVE INORGANIC ANALYSIS	CO1-To develop an understanding to  identify anionic and cationic radicals by systematic qualitative inorganic analysis  CO2-To gain an understanding about the reactions of anionic and cationic radicals CO3-To develop a skill to identify the interfering anions and its elimination methods.
VI	CH6CRP04-ORGANIC PREPARATIONS AND LABORATORY TECHNIQUES	CO1-To develop an understanding about the basics of separation and purification techniques. CO2- To give hands on training  for the separation of organic compounds by Simple distillation.  CO3- To develop a skill for the preparation of organic compounds by nitration, hydrolysis and esterification reaction. CO4-To develop a skill to purify the synthesized organic compounds by crystallization technique. CO5-To develop a skill for the separation of  a mixture by distillation.CO4-To understand the principles of thin layer chromatography techniques and thereby calculating the Rf value.
VI	CH6CRP05- PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS	CO1-To attain a deep understanding of the principles behind conductometric titration, including the relationship between conductivity and concentration, and how it can be applied to determine the equivalence point in acid-base and redox titrations. CO2-gain a thorough understanding of the concept of Critical Solution Temperature, which refers to the temperature at which a solution undergoes a phase transition, such as phase separation or demixing. CO3- To develop a thorough understanding of viscosity, which is the measure of a fluid’s resistance to deformation or flow. They should understand the factors that influence viscosity, including molecular size, shape, and intermolecular forces. CO4- To understand the principles behind the transition temperature of salt hydrates, including the concepts of hydration, dehydration, and phase transitions. They should understand how factors such as temperature and pressure affect the stability of salt hydrates. CO5- To gain a thorough understanding of potentiometric titration, which is a quantitative analytical technique used to determine the concentration of an analyte solution by measuring changes in electrode potential.
VI	CH6CRP06- GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS	CO1-develop a skill to estimate sulphate as barium sulphate and barium as barium sulphate gravimetrically

B. Sc. Botany Model I

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

Domain Knowledge (PSO1):
Demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of plant kingdom diversity and evolution.
Illustrate fundamental knowledge of life from molecular to ecosystem levels, emphasizing
plants.
Critical Thinking (PSO2):
Analyze plant diversity and evolution using empirical evidence.
Evaluate evolutionary theories in explaining life forms’ diversification.
Assess human impact on plant ecosystems and propose evidence-based solutions.
Problem Solving (PSO3):
Apply innovative methods to address ecological issues, particularly in plant ecosystems.
Develop sustainable management strategies based on ecological principles.
Collaborate effectively to solve complex ecological problems.
Effective Communication (PSO4):
Communicate botanical concepts and findings effectively through various media.
Articulate scientific ideas clearly to diverse audiences.
Utilize digital tools for botanical research, analysis, and communication.
Digital Literacy (PSO5):
Utilize digital tools effectively in botanical research and communication.
Access and evaluate online resources for academic and research purposes.
Demonstrate proficiency in digital platforms for collaborative learning in botany.
Moral and Ethical Values (PSO6):
Embrace moral and ethical values in botanical research and practices.
Demonstrate integrity and respect ethical guidelines in botanical studies.
Advocate for ethical treatment of plant life and biodiversity conservation.
Teamwork (PSO7): Collaborate effectively in botanical research and conservation projects.
Contribute positively to group dynamics and foster teamwork.
Work efficiently to achieve common goals in botanical research and conservation.
Life-long Learning (PSO8):
Commit to lifelong learning and professional development in botany.
Acquire knowledge for continuous adaptation to advancements in botanical science.
Engage in self-directed learning and further education in botany throughout life.
Human Values (PSO9):
Respect the dignity of all individuals, including plants, in botanical studies.
Embrace human diversity and promote inclusivity in botanical research.
Advocate for equitable access to botanical knowledge and resources.
Environment and Sustainability (PSO10):
Understand environmental issues and their impact on plant ecosystems.
Engage in initiatives promoting sustainable development and conservation.
Demonstrate proactive behaviour towards environmental stewardship through botanical
research and advocacy.
By incorporating these program-specific outcomes, students who complete the B.Sc. Botany
program at MG University will acquire a deep understanding of botany and develop essential
skills, values, and attitudes necessary for success in the field and as responsible global citizens
committed to environmental sustainability and ethical conduct.

Course Outcomes

Understand techniques in applied microbiology, including bacterial isolation and culture
methods.
CO3. Application:
Apply staining techniques to differentiate bacterial cell types and structures.
Utilize microbial culture techniques to isolate and identify bacteria from soil samples.
Apply principles of plant pathology to identify common plant diseases and recommend control
measures.
CO4. Analysis:
Analyze structure and reproductive strategies of fungi classes: Zygomycota, Ascomycota,
Basidiomycota.
Assess economic and ecological significance of lichens in ecosystems.
Analyze disease cycle and control strategies for common plant diseases, considering causative
agents and host interactions.
CO5. Synthesis:
Synthesize information to understand diversity and importance of microorganisms, fungi, and
lichens.
Develop hypotheses to explain mechanisms of microbial adaptation and pathogenesis.
Create herbarium preparations and disease diagnostic reports based on practical laboratory
observations.
CO6. Evaluation:
Evaluate effectiveness of control measures for plant diseases, including prophylaxis and
biological control methods.
Critically evaluate use of fungicides and chemical control agents in plant disease management.
Assess ecological implications of plant diseases on agricultural productivity and food security.
SEMESTER 3
CORE COURSE – Code: BO3CRT03 PHYCOLOGY AND BRYOLOGY
Knowledge: CO1
Recall the evolutionary significance of algae in the development of land plants.
Identify and describe key features of algae and bryophytes.
Recall the morphology, internal structure, and reproductive processes of various algae and
bryophytes.
Comprehension: CO2
Understand the classification systems used for algae, both historical and modern.

Explain the life cycles and alternation of generations observed in algae.
Understand the distribution, morphology, anatomy, and reproductive strategies of bryophytes.
Application: CO3
Apply knowledge of algae classification to identify and describe characteristics of different
algal groups.
Apply techniques for artificial culture and preservation of algae in laboratory settings.
Apply understanding of bryophyte anatomy and reproduction to identify different species.
Analysis: CO4
Analyze the economic importance of algae, including their roles in food, medicine, and
pollution control.
Analyze the ecological roles of algae as indicators of pollution and agents for bioremediation.
Analyze the evolutionary adaptations of gametophyte and sporophyte stages among
bryophytes.
Synthesis: CO5
Synthesize information to understand the diversity and significance of algae and bryophytes.
Develop hypotheses to explain the ecological roles and adaptations of algae and bryophytes.
Create micropreparations and reports based on practical observations of algae and bryophytes.
Evaluation: CO6
Evaluate the effectiveness of algal culture techniques for isolation, cultivation, and
preservation.
Evaluate the economic importance of bryophytes in ecology, medicine, and horticulture.
Critically evaluate the ecological implications of algae and bryophytes in ecosystem
functioning and conservation.
SEMESTER 4
CORE COURSE- BO4CRT04 PTERIDOLOGY, GYMNOSPERMS AND PALEOBOTANY
CO1. Knowledge (Remembering):
Define and classify Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms according to established systems.
Recall the economic importance of Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms.
CO2. Comprehension (Understanding):
Understand the evolutionary trends and affinities of Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms.
Interpret anatomical variations and reproductive strategies in vascular plants.

Comprehend the significance of Paleobotany and its applications.
CO3. Application (Applying):
Apply knowledge of Pteridophyte and Gymnosperm classification to identify and describe
representative species.
Apply anatomical and reproductive knowledge to analyze and interpret plant specimens.
Apply Paleobotanical concepts to understand fossil formation and exploration.
CO4. Analysis (Analyzing):
Analyze the distribution, morphology, and anatomy of Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms.
Evaluate the economic importance of Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms in various sectors.
Analyze fossil specimens to understand evolutionary relationships and paleoenvironments.
CO5. Synthesis (Creating):
Synthesize information from different modules to understand the diversity and evolutionary
trends in Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms.
Develop hypotheses regarding evolutionary connections between lower plant groups and seed
plants.
Create reports integrating practical observations and theoretical knowledge in Paleobotany.
CO6. Evaluation (Evaluating):
Evaluate the efficacy of classification systems in organizing plant diversity.
Critically assess the economic significance of Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms.
Assess the reliability of fossil evidence and its implications for understanding Earth’s history.
SEMESTER 5
CORE COURSES
Code: BO5CRT05 – ANATOMY, REPRODUCTIVE BOTANY AND MICROTECHNIQUE
CO1. Knowledge (Remembering):

Define the structure and composition of plant cells, including cell wall components and non-
living inclusions.

Identify and classify different types of tissues in plants, such as meristematic, permanent, and
secretory tissues.
Describe the primary and secondary structures of stems, roots, and leaves, including anomalous
secondary growth.
CO2. Comprehension (Understanding):

Understand the organization of tissues and tissue systems in plants, including their functions
and developmental theories.
Interpret the basic structure of wood and recognize features like growth rings and reaction
wood.
Comprehend floral morphology and embryological processes, including microsporangium and
megasporangium development.
CO3. Application (Applying):
Apply knowledge of plant anatomy to identify cell types, tissues, and tissue systems in plant
specimens.
Apply staining techniques and microtechnique methods to prepare and mount plant specimens
for microscopic examination.
Apply understanding of floral morphology and reproductive processes to identify flower parts
and reproductive structures.
CO4. Analysis (Analyzing):
Analyze the structure and composition of plant cells and tissues, including their adaptations to
different environmental conditions.
Evaluate the developmental processes of male and female gametophytes and their significance
in plant reproduction.
Analyze microtechnique procedures and techniques used in preparing plant specimens for
microscopic examination.
CO5. Synthesis (Creating):
Synthesize information on plant anatomy, reproductive botany, and microtechnique to
understand the internal structure and reproduction of angiosperms.
Develop hypotheses regarding structural adaptations in plants growing in different
environments based on anatomical observations.
Create well-prepared and labeled microscopic slides of plant specimens using microtechnique
methods.
CO6. Evaluation (Evaluating):
Evaluate the effectiveness of staining techniques and Microtechnique procedures in preserving
and studying plant materials.
Critically assess the developmental stages of male and female gametophytes and their roles in
plant reproduction.
Assess the quality of prepared plant specimens and microscopic slides to represent anatomical
features accurately.
Code: BO5CRT06- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, BIOPHYSICS AND BIOSTATISTICS

CO1. Knowledge (Remembering):
Define the objectives and types of research, including pure and applied research.
Identify and articulate research problems and review relevant literature sources in life sciences.
Explain the process of conducting research, including designing studies, collecting and
analyzing data, and preparing research reports.
CO2. Comprehension (Understanding):
Understand the use of computer tools and applications such as MS Word, Excel, and
PowerPoint in research.
Comprehend the principles and applications of statistical tools like mean, median, mode, and
standard deviation.
Interpret the significance of different types of graphs and diagrams in representing numerical
data.
CO3. Application (Applying):
Apply research methodology principles to outline and prepare dissertations using the IMRAD
system.
Utilize computer applications for word processing, data entry, sorting, and graphical
representation of research findings.
Apply statistical methods to analyze numerical data and perform tests of significance like the
Chi-square test.
CO4. Analysis (Analyzing):
Analyze the components of a research report, including the introduction, literature review,
methodology, results, and conclusion.
Analyze the principles and working mechanisms of biophysical instruments such as
microscopes, spectrophotometers, and chromatographs.
Analyze numerical data, calculate measures of central tendency and dispersion, and interpret
distribution patterns using statistical tools.
CO5. Synthesis (Creating):
Synthesize information from literature reviews and data collection to prepare research reports
using appropriate formatting and citation styles.
Create presentations using MS PowerPoint based on research findings and reports.
Synthesize numerical data and statistical analyses to draw conclusions and make
recommendations in research projects.
CO6. Evaluation (Evaluating):
Evaluate the quality and reliability of research reports, including the accuracy of data
representation and interpretation.

Evaluate the effectiveness of biophysical instruments in conducting experiments and obtaining
reliable results.
Evaluate the appropriateness of statistical methods and tests used in analyzing research data,
considering the significance of findings.
Code: BO5CRT07 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
CO1. Knowledge (Remembering):
Define and explain plant water relations, including concepts like water potential and
transpiration.
Describe the role of major and minor elements in plant nutrition and the process of mineral
uptake.
Identify the components and pathways involved in photosynthesis and respiration in plants.
CO2. Comprehension (Understanding):
Understand the mechanisms of water absorption, ascent of sap, and translocation of solutes in
plants.
Comprehend the biochemical processes of photosynthesis and respiration, including
glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, and electron transport.
Explain the physiological effects of plant hormones and their roles in growth, development,
and stress responses.
CO3. Application (Applying):
Apply knowledge of plant physiology to conduct experiments related to osmotic pressure,
stomatal indices, photosynthesis, and transpiration.
Apply biochemical techniques to identify and quantify plant pigments, carbohydrates,
proteins, and enzymes.
Utilize physiological concepts to understand and address plant responses to abiotic and biotic
stresses.
CO4. Analysis (Analyzing):
Analyze experimental data related to plant physiology and biochemistry to draw conclusions
and make interpretations.
Analyze the properties and functions of water, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and enzymes in
plant biochemistry.
Analyze the factors affecting enzyme action and kinetics, including regulatory mechanisms.
CO5. Synthesis (Creating):
Synthesize information from theoretical concepts and practical experiments to understand the
interplay between plant physiology and biochemistry.

Create experimental designs and procedures for investigating physiological processes and
biochemical reactions in plants.
Synthesize knowledge of plant growth, development, and stress responses to propose
strategies for improving plant productivity and resilience.
CO6. Evaluation (Evaluating):
Evaluate experimental techniques and methodologies used in plant physiology and
biochemistry studies for their reliability and effectiveness.
Evaluate the significance of physiological and biochemical processes in plant functioning and
adaptation to environmental changes.
Critically evaluate research findings and interpretations in plant physiology and biochemistry
literature to assess their validity and implications.
Code: BO5CRT08 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS
CO1. Knowledge (Remembering):
Define ecology and its subdivisions, including autecology, synecology, and ecosystem
ecology.
Describe population dynamics, community structure, and ecological interactions such as
competition and mutualism.
Explain the structure and function of ecosystems, including components like abiotic and
biotic factors, and trophic levels.
CO2. Comprehension (Understanding):
Understand the concepts of biodiversity, its types, and the significance of biodiversity
hotspots.
Comprehend the causes and consequences of biodiversity loss and the methods for
biodiversity conservation.
Explain various forms of environmental pollution, including air, water, and soil pollution,
along with their impacts and control measures.
CO3. Application (Applying):
Apply ecological principles to assess biodiversity using sampling techniques like the quadrate
method.
Apply knowledge of environmental pollution to conduct practical experiments such as the
assessment of Coliform bacteria in water samples.
Utilize remote sensing and GIS techniques for environmental studies and biodiversity
conservation efforts.
CO4. Analysis (Analyzing):

Analyze the impact of pollution on ecosystems and human health, including the effects of air
and water pollution on plants and animals.
Analyze conservation strategies and efforts at global, national, and local levels, including the
contributions of organizations and individuals.
Evaluate the effectiveness of environmental legislation and laws in addressing pollution and
conservation challenges.
CO5. Synthesis (Creating):
Synthesize information from theoretical concepts and practical experiences to propose
solutions for environmental challenges, such as waste management and pollution control.
Create awareness campaigns or educational materials to promote environmental conservation
and sustainable resource management.
Synthesize case studies and reports to understand the complexities of conservation issues,
such as those related to the Western Ghats.
CO6. Evaluation (Evaluating):
Evaluate the effectiveness of human rights frameworks and legislation in protecting the
environment and ensuring public safety.
Critically evaluate the role of technology in environmental protection and the ethical
considerations surrounding its use.

Assess the impact of human activities on natural resources and ecosystems, including over-
exploitation and habitat destruction.

Open course 1 Code: BO5OPT01 AGRI-BASED MICROENTERPRISES
CO1. Knowledge (Remembering):
Define organic farming and composting techniques, including the advantages of organic
manures and fertilizers.
List common organic manures and biofertilizers, and explain their composition and
preparation methods.
Describe the principles of nursery management, including soil components, potting mixture
preparation, and plant propagation techniques.
CO2. Comprehension (Understanding):
Understand the importance of sustainable agriculture and its implications for food production
and environmental conservation.
Comprehend the methods of food preservation, including the causes of food spoilage and
various preservation techniques.
Explain the types of mushrooms, their cultivation methods, and the production of spawn for
mushroom cultivation.

CO3. Application (Applying):
Apply knowledge of organic farming and composting techniques to prepare compost and
vermicompost.
Apply principles of nursery management to propagate plants through seeds and vegetative
methods.
Demonstrate food preservation techniques and mushroom cultivation practices in real-life
settings.
CO4. Analysis (Analyzing):
Analyze the NPK composition of different manures and fertilizers to determine their
suitability for specific crops.
Analyze the causes of food spoilage and evaluate the effectiveness of various preservation
methods.
Analyze the methods of mushroom cultivation and spawn production to identify suitable
practices for different types of mushrooms.
CO5. Synthesis (Creating):
Synthesize information on plant tissue culture and micropropagation techniques to design a
tissue culture laboratory setup.
Synthesize knowledge of organic farming, nursery management, and mushroom cultivation to
develop a comprehensive plan for an agri-based microenterprise.
Design value-added products from mushroom cultivation, such as pickles and candies, to
enhance economic viability.
CO6. Evaluation (Evaluating):
Evaluate the germination percentage of seeds to assess their viability and quality.
Evaluate the effectiveness of rooting hormones on stem cutting and assess the success rate of
propagation techniques.
Evaluate the readiness of tissue culture regenerated plantlets for hardening and
transplantation based on established criteria.

SEMESTER 5
CORE COURSES
Code: BO6CRT09 GENETICS, PLANT BREEDING AND HORTICULTURE
CO1: Illustrate the foundational principles of Mendelian genetics and interpret monohybrid,
dihybrid, test cross, and backcross ratios through problem-solving. (Bloom’s: Apply)

CO2: Analyze modifications of Mendelian inheritance, including incomplete dominance, co-
dominance, lethal genes, and gene interactions, through practical genetic problems. (Bloom’s:

Analyze)
CO3: Construct linkage maps and explain mechanisms of crossing over by solving two-point
cross problems and calculating interference and coincidence. (Bloom’s: Apply, Analyze)

CO4: Evaluate different mechanisms of sex determination and inheritance patterns of sex-
linked, sex-limited, and sex-influenced traits using pedigree analysis and Morgan’s

experiments. (Bloom’s: Evaluate, Analyze)
CO5: Distinguish between Mendelian and quantitative inheritance and assess the implications
of polygenic inheritance in agricultural breeding programs. (Bloom’s: Analyze, Evaluate)
CO6: Differentiate between nuclear and extranuclear inheritance by identifying characteristics
of chloroplast and mitochondrial mutations through case studies. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
CO7: Summarize the Hardy-Weinberg principle and its significance in population genetics by
evaluating gene pool variations. (Bloom’s: Understand, Evaluate)
CO8: Solve genetic problems related to Mendelian inheritance and modified Mendelian ratios
in practical settings. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Plant Breeding (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Describe the objectives and achievements of plant breeding centers, particularly in
Kerala, and explain the significance of plant introduction. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Compare different methods of plant selection (mass, pure-line, clonal) and explain their
significance in improving crop varieties. (Bloom’s: Understand, Evaluate)
CO3: Illustrate various types of hybridization and analyze their impact on crop improvement,
heterosis, and inbreeding depression. (Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO4: Differentiate between the pedigree, bulk, and backcross methods of handling segregating
generations and assess their role in disease resistance breeding. (Bloom’s: Analyze, Evaluate)
CO5: Explain the role of mutation and polyploidy breeding in crop improvement, detailing
significant achievements in these areas. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO6: Evaluate the application of meristem, embryo, and pollen culture in plant breeding, and
outline the role of tissue culture in developing transgenic plants. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
CO7: Perform practical tasks such as emasculation, bagging, hybridization demonstration, and
estimation of pollen sterility/viability to understand the techniques used in plant breeding.
(Bloom’s: Apply)
Horticulture (Theory and Practical)

CO1: Define horticulture, classify horticultural plants, and describe various disciplines within
horticulture. (Bloom’s: Remember, Understand)
CO2: Identify and explain the uses of various garden tools, implements, and irrigation methods,
and distinguish between their advantages and disadvantages. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO3: Compare seed propagation and vegetative propagation methods, highlighting the
advantages and disadvantages of each. (Bloom’s: Analyze, Evaluate)
CO4: Demonstrate proficiency in approach grafting, budding, and layering. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO5: Differentiate between various plant-growing structures like greenhouses, orchidariums,
and conservatories, and explain their roles in horticulture. (Bloom’s: Analyze, Understand)

Code: BO6CRT10 CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
CO1: Describe the chemical composition and ultrastructure of cell organelles, including the
plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, mitochondria, ribosomes, and others,
and relate their structures to their functions. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Illustrate the structure and function of the nucleus, nucleolus, and nuclear envelope,
including a detailed understanding of the pore complex. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO3: Differentiate between autosomes and allosomes and explain the morphology and
structure of chromosomes, including special types like giant and supernumerary chromosomes.
(Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO4: Analyze chromatin structure and distinguish between heterochromatin and euchromatin,
detailing the composition of nucleosomes and higher-order chromatin fibers. (Bloom’s:
Analyze)
CO5: Summarize the stages of the cell cycle and compare mitosis and meiosis with reference
to their significance in genetic inheritance. (Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO6: Evaluate chromosomal aberrations and numerical abnormalities by interpreting
karyotype patterns and correlating them with genetic disorders like Down’s syndrome and
Klinefelter’s syndrome. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
CO7: Categorize the types of mutations and describe their molecular basis and mechanisms,
including the roles of mutagens and the importance of mutations in genetic variation. (Bloom’s:
Analyze, Understand)
CO8: Identify mitotic and meiotic stages using acetocarmine squash preparations and
photomicrographs. (Bloom’s: Apply)

CO9: Solve practical problems related to chromosomal anomalies and karyotyping by
analyzing human genetic disorders. (Bloom’s: Apply, Analyze)
Molecular Biology (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Explain the identification of DNA and RNA as genetic material through historical
experiments, including those by Avery et al. and Hershey-Chase, and describe the structural
features of DNA and RNA. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Compare different forms of DNA (A, B, and Z) and elucidate the structure and function
of different types of RNA. (Bloom’s: Analyze, Understand)
CO3: Illustrate the process of DNA replication, including Meselson-Stahl’s experiment, and
explain the roles of enzymes involved in each step of semiconservative replication. (Bloom’s:
Understand, Apply)
CO4: Analyze the concepts of gene expression, including the central dogma, transcription, and
translation, and explain the genetic code and its features. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
CO5: Summarize the regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes using the operon concept
(lac and trp operons) and provide a brief account of gene regulation in eukaryotes. (Bloom’s:
Understand, Analyze)
CO6: Evaluate the genetic basis of cancer by distinguishing between proto-oncogenes,
oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes and relate these to cancer cell characteristics. (Bloom’s:
Evaluate)
CO7: Solve elementary problems based on DNA structure, replication, transcription,
translation, and the genetic code to reinforce theoretical knowledge through practical
application. (Bloom’s: Apply)

Code: BO6CRT11 ANGIOSPERM MORPHOLOGY, TAXONOMY AND ECONOMIC
BOTANY
CO1: Illustrate the types of leaves, venation patterns, and phyllotaxy, and relate them to the
adaptive features of different plant species. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO2: Describe the morphology of flowers and differentiate between floral structures based on
their arrangement, symmetry, aestivation, and placentation. (Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO3: Construct floral diagrams and formulas for representative flowers to describe their
morphological features accurately. (Bloom’s: Apply, Create)
CO4: Classify various inflorescence types, racemose and cymose, and distinguish among
special inflorescence types. (Bloom’s: Analyze, Understand)

CO5: Differentiate between simple, aggregate, and multiple fruits and classify them into
subtypes based on morphological features. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
CO6: Identify inflorescences and fruits in practical settings and relate their morphological
characteristics to their ecological adaptations. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Taxonomy (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Summarize the aims, scope, and significance of taxonomy and compare various
classification systems, including artificial, natural (Bentham and Hooker), and phylogenetic
classifications. (Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO2: Apply the principles of binomial nomenclature, ICBN/ICN rules, rule of priority, and
author citation in plant identification and documentation. (Bloom’s: Apply, Understand)
CO3: Explain the interdisciplinary approaches of cytotaxonomy and chemotaxonomy and
relate them to plant systematics. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO4: Illustrate the importance of herbarium techniques and identify significant herbaria in
India, particularly the BSI. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO5: Identify and describe the vegetative and floral characters of plant families following the
Bentham and Hooker classification system. (Bloom’s: Apply, Analyze)
CO6: Prepare floral formulas and diagrams for each family to distinguish them based on floral
and vegetative characters. (Bloom’s: Create, Apply)
CO7: Develop a herbarium of at least 25 plant species with detailed field notes, and describe
their ecological and morphological characteristics. (Bloom’s: Create, Apply)
Economic Botany and Ethnobotany (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Identify economically important plants and describe their botanical names, families, and
the morphology of useful parts for cereals, pulses, fruits, vegetables, and more. (Bloom’s:
Apply, Understand)
CO2: Compare the uses of plants across different categories, including timber, fibers,
beverages, oils, spices, and insecticides, and relate their botanical characteristics to their uses.
(Bloom’s: Analyze, Evaluate)
CO3: Summarize the scope and significance of ethnobotany and describe its application in
understanding tribal and traditional uses of plants for food, shelter, and medicine. (Bloom’s:
Understand, Analyze)
CO4: Illustrate the ethnobotanical uses of plants like Artocarpus heterophylla, Bambusa, and
Curcuma longa, detailing their morphological features and traditional applications. (Bloom’s:
Apply, Understand)

CO5: Identify and analyze the morphology of economically important plants and their finished
products through practical study and fieldwork. (Bloom’s: Apply, Analyze)
CO6: Conduct fieldwork for at least 5 days to observe economically and ethnobotanically
significant plants and submit a comprehensive field report. (Bloom’s: Apply, Create)
Code: BO6CRT12 BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS
CO1: Describe the basic concepts of plant tissue culture, including totipotency, differentiation,
dedifferentiation, and re-differentiation, and relate these to the preparation and sterilization of
MS medium and explants. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO2: Explain the stages, advantages, and disadvantages of micropropagation, and compare
different methods such as axillary bud proliferation, adventitious regeneration, and meristem
culture. (Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO3: Illustrate the process of embryo culture, callus and cell suspension culture, and in vitro
production of haploids through anther and pollen culture. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO4: Differentiate between protoplast culture and fusion techniques, and explain the concept
of artificial seeds and their applications in biotechnology. (Bloom’s: Analyze, Understand)
CO5: Evaluate the role of plant tissue culture in secondary metabolite production using cell
immobilization and bioreactors. (Bloom’s: Evaluate, Understand)
CO6: Summarize the steps in recombinant DNA technology and compare different cloning
vectors such as plasmids, cosmids, phage vectors, YAC, and BAC. (Bloom’s: Understand,
Analyze)
CO7: Illustrate the process of cutting and joining DNA molecules using restriction
endonucleases and ligation techniques, and explain transformation and selection of
transformants. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO8: Evaluate the achievements of recombinant DNA technology in medicine (human insulin,
gene therapy), agriculture (Bt cotton), and environmental cleaning (superbugs). (Bloom’s:
Evaluate)
CO9: Perform basic techniques in rDNA technology, including DNA isolation, agarose gel
electrophoresis, and southern hybridization, and analyze DNA fingerprinting results. (Bloom’s:
Apply, Analyze)
CO10: Explain PCR, DNA sequencing by Sanger’s dideoxy method, and the uses of
refrigerated centrifuges, UV trans-illuminator, and gel documentation systems in molecular
biology research. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
Genomics and Bioinformatics (Theory and Practical)

CO1: Provide a brief account of genomics and proteomics and summarize the major findings
of genome projects such as E. coli, Human, and Arabidopsis thaliana. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Outline the objectives and applications of bioinformatics and distinguish between
primary, secondary, and composite biological databases. (Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO3: Compare nucleotide sequence databases (NCBI, EMBL, DDBJ) and protein sequence
databases (SWISS-PROT, PIR), and explain the structure of PDB and PubMed. (Bloom’s:
Analyze)
CO4: Apply sequence analysis tools like BLAST and FASTA, and demonstrate the use of
molecular visualization tools like RASMOL. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO5: Differentiate between global and local alignments, and use common software like
CLUSTAL W & CLUSTAL X for pairwise and multiple sequence alignments. (Bloom’s:
Analyze, Apply)

Programme elective course 2 Code: BO6PET02 PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
CO1: Summarize historical developments in crop botany, including Vavilovian concepts,
primary and secondary centers of origin, and the importance of genetic diversity in wild
relatives of crops. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Explain major threats to genetic resources such as human interference, alien invasive
species, and deforestation, and differentiate between in situ and ex situ conservation methods.
(Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO3: Classify the different types of seed banks (short, medium, long-term) and describe tissue
culture storage and cryopreservation for genetic resource conservation. (Bloom’s: Analyze,
Understand)
CO4: Illustrate the principles and components of remote sensing, and analyze its application in
the conservation of endangered plants and habitats. (Bloom’s: Apply, Analyze)
CO5: Document the role of IUCN in the conservation of endangered plants and the preparation
of the Red Data Book. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO6: Relate ethnobotany to genetic resource conservation by examining the role of sacred
groves, mythology, and taboos in ecosystem preservation. (Bloom’s: Analyze, Understand)
CO7: Differentiate the roles of governmental (TBGRI, KFRI, BSI, NBPGR, IPGRI, ICRISAT)
and non-governmental organizations (WWF, MNHS) in managing plant genetic resources.
(Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)

CO8: Identify important crop plants of Kerala and describe their taxonomy, uses, and
cultivation practices, particularly for food crops, vegetables, spices, medicinal plants,
plantation crops, and fruits. (Bloom’s: Apply, Understand)
CO9: Illustrate the importance of underutilized edible plants for future food security and
describe their botany and uses, particularly for vegetables, fruits, and millets. (Bloom’s: Apply,
Understand)

B. Sc. Botany Model 2 Food Microbiology

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

PSO1: Knowledge and Understanding
 PSO1.1: Describe the principles of microbiology, including microorganism structure,
function, and classification.
 PSO1.2: Explain the roles and applications of microorganisms in various
environments and industries, focusing on food microbiology.
 PSO1.3: Understand biochemical processes and metabolic pathways in
microorganisms and their relevance to human health and industry.
PSO2: Analytical and Research Skills
 PSO2.1: Apply techniques to isolate, culture, and identify microorganisms.
 PSO2.2: Analyze microbial contamination and spoilage in food and evaluate
preservation methods.
 PSO2.3: Investigate cell composition, enzymes, and metabolic pathways through lab
experiments.
PSO3: Critical Thinking and Problem Solving
 PSO3.1: Assess the impact of microbial infections and foodborne diseases on public
health and propose prevention strategies.
 PSO3.2: Solve issues related to microbial contamination and food preservation using
scientific methods.
 PSO3.3: Design and conduct experiments in applied microbiology and biochemistry,
interpreting results to draw conclusions.
PSO4: Communication and Professional Skills
 PSO4.1: Communicate scientific information effectively through presentations,
reports, and discussions.

 PSO4.2: Collaborate with peers and professionals to address microbiological and
biochemical issues.
 PSO4.3: Demonstrate ethical behavior and professional integrity in scientific
endeavors.
PSO5: Lifelong Learning and Societal Impact
 PSO5.1: Engage in continuous learning to stay updated with advancements in
microbiology and biochemistry.
 PSO5.2: Evaluate the societal and environmental implications of microbial
applications in food, health, and industry.
 PSO5.3: Advocate for public health by educating communities about the importance
of microbiology and biochemistry.
Specific Course Outcomes (COs) Examples
 MICROBIAL WORLD – PART I & II: Describe the diversity, classification,
structure, and roles of microorganisms.
 APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY – PART I & II: Apply microbiological principles to
industrial processes like fermentation and biotechnology.
 PRINCIPLES OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY: Analyze the role of microorganisms
in food production, spoilage, and safety.
 CONTAMINATION, SPOILAGE AND PRESERVATION OF FOOD – PART I
& II: Evaluate methods to detect, control, and prevent microbial contamination and
spoilage in food.
 FOOD FERMENTATIONS: Investigate the processes and microorganisms
involved in food fermentations.
 FOOD INFECTION AND FOOD BORNE DISEASES: Assess the causes,
transmission, and prevention of foodborne diseases and infections.
 ELEMENTARY BIOCHEMISTRY: Explain basic biochemical principles,
including the structure and function of biomolecules.
 BIOMOLECULES: Describe the structure, function, and metabolism of
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
 ENZYMOLOGY AND METABOLISM: Analyze the role of enzymes in metabolic
pathways and their regulatory mechanisms.

 NUTRITIONAL AND CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY: Evaluate the biochemical
basis of nutrition and clinical implications of metabolic disorders.
These PSOs and COs ensure a comprehensive education in microbiology and biochemistry,
preparing students for careers in research, industry, and public health.

COURSE OUTCOMES

SEMESTER 1
MICROBIAL WORLD – PART I
Module 1: History and Scope of Microbiology (6 hrs)
 CO1.1: Describe the history and scope of microbiology, including key theories such as
spontaneous generation and biogenesis. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO1.2: Identify and explain the contributions of early microbiologists like Anton van
Leeuwenhoek, Robert Koch, Edward Jenner, Louis Pasteur, Paul Ehrlich, and
Alexander Fleming. (Remembering, Understanding)
Module 2: Cell Structure of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes (10 hrs)
 CO2.1: Compare the structure and function of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells,
including cell organization and membrane systems. (Understanding, Analyzing)
 CO2.2: Explain the structure and function of prokaryotic cell components such as the
cell wall, capsule, slime layers, pili, fimbriae, flagella, endospore, and cysts.
(Understanding)
 CO2.3: Describe the general characteristics and classification of Archaebacteria.
(Remembering, Understanding)
 CO2.4: Explain the structure and function of eukaryotic cell components, including the
nucleus, cell inclusions, and external cell coverings. (Understanding)
Module 3: General Characters of Other Microorganisms (10 hrs)
 CO3.1: Describe the structure of viruses, including virion size, nucleic acids, and
capsids, and explain the cultivation methods. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO3.2: Explain the structure and replication methods of bacteriophages, including the
lytic and lysogenic cycles. (Understanding)
 CO3.3: Differentiate between viruses, viroids, and prions. (Analyzing)

 CO3.4: Describe the general characteristics of fungi, yeast, and protozoa.
(Remembering, Understanding)
Module 4: Microscopy (10 hrs)
 CO4.1: Explain the principles of microscopy, including resolution, magnification, and
optics. (Understanding)
 CO4.2: Describe the principles and working mechanisms of bright field, dark field,
fluorescence, and phase contrast microscopy. (Understanding)
 CO4.3: Explain the principles and applications of electron microscopy, including TEM
and SEM. (Understanding)
These course outcomes provide a clear and concise framework for student learning, aligned
with Bloom’s Taxonomy to ensure a comprehensive understanding of microbiology principles.
MICROBIAL WORLD – PART II
Module 1: Systematic Bacteriology (6 hrs)
 CO1.1: Describe the history and classification system of Bergey’s Manual of
Systematic Bacteriology. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO1.2: Identify and classify major bacterial groups such as Spirochaetes,
Enterobacteriaceae, Nitrogen Fixers, Rickettsiae, Chlamydiae, Mycoplasma, and
Endospore forming bacteria. (Remembering, Understanding)
Module 2: Bacterial Growth (8 hrs)
 CO2.1: Explain bacterial multiplication and the bacterial growth curve, including
generation time. (Understanding)
 CO2.2: Differentiate between batch culture, continuous culture, and synchronous
culture, and describe methods for quantitative measurement of bacterial growth.
(Understanding, Analyzing)
Module 3: Bacterial Physiology (12 hrs)
 CO3.1: Describe the nutritional requirements and types of bacteria based on their
nutritional needs. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO3.2: Explain the physical conditions required for bacterial growth. (Understanding)

 CO3.3: Analyze bacterial metabolism, including respiration, fermentation, and
photosynthesis. (Understanding, Analyzing)
Module 4: Bacterial Genetics (10 hrs)
 CO4.1: Explain the types of mutations and their effects on bacterial genetics.
(Understanding)
 CO4.2: Describe bacterial recombination processes such as transformation,
conjugation, and transduction, and their role in genetic mapping. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO4.3: Explain the general features of plasmids and their use in recombinant DNA
technology. (Understanding)
Practical (36 hrs)
 CO5.1: Demonstrate the use of bright field microscopy, including the identification
and function of its parts. (Applying)
 CO5.2: Use microbiological equipment and glassware effectively, including
inoculating loop, needle, petri dishes, flasks, culture tubes, pipettes, pasteur pipettes,
hot air oven, autoclave, incubator, water bath, colony counter, filters, UV lamp, pH
meter, centrifuge, colorimeter, and laminar air flow system. (Applying)
 CO5.3: Measure the size of fungal spores, yeast cells, or bacteria using micrometry
techniques. (Applying)
 CO5.4: Perform the hanging drop technique to observe bacterial motility. (Applying)
 CO5.5: Clean, dry, and prepare glassware for microbiological use, including plugging
tubes and flasks and wrapping Petri dishes. (Applying)
These course outcomes ensure students gain a comprehensive understanding of bacteriology,
from classification and growth to physiology and genetics, along with essential practical skills
in microbiology.
Complementary course I: BC1CMT01-Elementary Biochemistry
Unit I: Physical Aspects of Biochemistry (10 hours)
 CO1.1: Describe the structure of water and various types of interactions in aqueous
systems. (Remembering, Understanding)

 CO1.2: Explain the ionization of water, the properties of acids and bases, and the
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. (Understanding)
 CO1.3: Discuss the concepts of pH and buffers, including their roles in biological
systems. (Understanding, Applying)
Unit II: Membrane Biochemistry (8 hours)
 CO2.1: Describe the fluid mosaic model of membranes and the types of membrane
proteins. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO2.2: Explain the mechanisms of solute transport across membranes, including
passive and active transport. (Understanding)
 CO2.3: Discuss osmosis and the Donnan equilibrium and their applications in
biological systems. (Understanding, Applying)
Unit III: Plant Biochemistry (8 hours)
 CO3.1: Explain the basic concepts of photosynthesis, including light and dark
reactions, and CO2 fixation. (Understanding)
 CO3.2: Differentiate between C3 and C4 plants and their mechanisms of CO2 fixation.
(Understanding, Analyzing)
 CO3.3: Distinguish between primary and secondary metabolites and explain the
importance of secondary metabolites in plant defense. (Understanding, Applying)
Unit IV: Techniques in Biochemistry (10 hours)
 CO4.1: Describe the principles and applications of colorimetry and spectrophotometry.
(Remembering, Understanding)
 CO4.2: Explain various chromatographic techniques, including paper, TLC, HPTLC,
gel filtration, and affinity chromatography. (Understanding)
 CO4.3: Describe electrophoretic techniques such as PAGE and AGE. (Understanding)
 CO4.4: Discuss blotting techniques including Western, Southern, and Northern
blotting, and introduce proteomics techniques like MALDI-TOF MS. (Understanding)
Practical (36 hours)
 CO5.1: Prepare percentage, molar, and normal solutions, and dilute stock solutions
accurately. (Applying)
 CO5.2: Prepare buffers using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. (Applying)

 CO5.3: Determine the pH of solutions using a pH meter. (Applying)
 CO5.4: Perform chromatographic techniques to separate amino acids, simple sugars,
and plant pigments. (Applying)
 CO5.5: Demonstrate electrophoretic techniques for analyzing proteins and nucleic
acids. (Applying)
 CO5.6: Verify Beer Lambert’s law using colorimetry and spectrophotometry
techniques. (Applying)
These course outcomes provide a structured learning framework, ensuring a comprehensive
understanding of biochemistry principles and practical skills.
SEMESTER 2
Code: BO2VO2T03 APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY- PART I
Module 1: Sterilization Techniques (10 hrs)
 CO1.1: Describe the principles of sterilization and the methods used to control
microorganisms using physical agents like dry heat, moist heat, filtration, and radiation.
(Remembering, Understanding)
 CO1.2: Explain the use of chemical agents such as phenolic compounds, alcohol,
halogens, aldehydes, and gaseous agents in microbial control. (Understanding)
Module 2: Staining Techniques (8 hrs)
 CO2.1: Describe various stains and staining techniques, including wet mount, hanging
drop, smear preparation, and heat fixation. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO2.2: Perform simple and differential staining methods, such as gram staining and
acid-fast staining. (Applying)
 CO2.3: Apply special staining methods like spore staining and capsular staining.
(Applying)
Module 3: Cultivation of Microorganisms (6 hrs)
 CO3.1: Describe the components of media, including peptone, beef extract, yeast
extract, agar agar, and blood/serum, and their roles in microbial cultivation.
(Remembering, Understanding)

 CO3.2: Explain the types of media, including crude, synthetic, selective, and
differential media, and demonstrate the preparation of nutrient broth, nutrient agar,
PDA, and Czapek-Dox agar. (Understanding, Applying)
 CO3.3: Perform isolation of microbes using techniques like serial dilution, pour plate,
spread plate, and streak plate methods. (Applying)
Module 4: Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (12 hrs)
 CO4.1: Describe chemotherapeutic agents, including antibiotics, antifungal, and
antiviral agents, and classify them based on their mode of action. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO4.2: Determine antimicrobial activity using tube dilution and disk diffusion
techniques, and explain concepts like MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and
MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration). (Understanding, Applying)
These course outcomes provide a comprehensive understanding of essential microbiology
techniques, ensuring students gain both theoretical knowledge and practical skills.
Code: BO2VO2T04 APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY – PART II
Module 1: Environmental Microbiology (10 hrs)
 CO1.1: Explain the role of microbes in biogeochemical cycles, including the carbon,
sulfur, and nitrogen cycles, and biological nitrogen fixation. (Understanding)
 CO1.2: Describe the use and benefits of biofertilizers and biocompost. (Understanding)
 CO1.3: Discuss biodeterioration of materials such as leather, textile, jute, paper, rubber,
and paints, and the role of microbes in the decomposition of organic substances like
cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, starch, and proteins. (Understanding,
Analyzing)
Module 2: Microbiology of Water (6 hrs)
 CO2.1: Explain the impact of microorganisms on water pollution and the significance
of bio-indicators. (Understanding)
 CO2.2: Identify faecal bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms in water and describe
the detection of coliforms by the MPN method. (Understanding, Applying)
 CO2.3: Discuss the processes involved in wastewater treatment. (Understanding)

Module 3: Clinical Microbiology (12 hrs)
 CO3.1: Describe the fundamentals of immunology, including innate and acquired
immunity, antigens, epitopes, haptens, and factors influencing immunogenicity.
(Understanding)
 CO3.2: Explain the structure and function of immunoglobulins, including the five
classes of immunoglobulins. (Understanding)
 CO3.3: Discuss the roles of B cells, T cells, and MHC restriction in the immune
response, distinguishing between antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immune
responses. (Understanding)
 CO3.4: Describe the principles of vaccines, toxins, toxoids, and interferons.
(Understanding)
Module 4: Microbial Diseases (8 hrs)
 CO4.1: Identify and describe bacterial diseases such as diphtheria, tuberculosis,
whooping cough, leprosy, syphilis, tetanus, and cholera. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO4.2: Identify and describe viral diseases such as chicken pox and shingles, measles,
mumps, rabies, serum hepatitis, and AIDS. (Remembering, Understanding)
Practical (36 hrs)
CO5.1: Prepare and fix bacterial samples for staining and perform simple and differential
staining techniques, including gram staining, acid-fast staining, and spore staining. (Applying)
CO5.2: Prepare various culture media and sterilize media and glassware using methods such
as autoclaving, tyndallization, boiling, steaming, and dry heating. (Applying)
CO5.3: Prepare nutrient agar, nutrient broth, PDA, and Czapek-Dox agar, and create agar
slants, agar plates, broth tubes, and flasks. (Applying)
These course outcomes provide a comprehensive framework for understanding environmental,
water, and clinical microbiology, along with essential practical skills in microbial techniques.
Complementary course II: BC2CMT02-Biomolecules
Unit I: Carbohydrates (10 hours)

 CO1.1: Explain carbohydrate isomerism, including D and L forms, epimers, anomers,
and mutarotation. (Understanding)
 CO1.2: Describe the structure (linear and cyclic) of glucose, galactose, mannose, and
fructose, and the Haworth perspective formulas of maltose, sucrose, and lactose.
(Remembering, Understanding)
 CO1.3: Discuss the structure and properties of homopolysaccharides like starch,
glycogen, cellulose, and chitin, and heteropolysaccharides like hyaluronic acid and
heparin. (Understanding)
Unit II: Lipids (6 hours)
 CO2.1: Classify lipids and describe their physiological functions and the structure of
fatty acids like stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO2.2: Explain the structure of triacylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, lecithin, cephalin,
phosphatidylserine, and the functions of sphingolipids. (Understanding)
 CO2.3: Describe the chemical structure and functions of cholesterol and ergosterol,
and explain saponification number, acid number, and iodine number of fats.
(Understanding)
Unit III: Amino Acids and Proteins (10 hours)
 CO3.1: Identify the 20 standard amino acids with their one-letter and three-letter codes
and represent them in zwitterionic form. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO3.2: Classify proteins and describe their functions, and explain the primary,
secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of proteins. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO3.3: Discuss the denaturation of proteins and describe the structure and functions of
specialized proteins like collagen. (Understanding)
Unit IV: Nucleic Acids (10 hours)
 CO4.1: Describe the chemical nature of nucleic acids, including the structure of
purines, pyrimidines, deoxyribose, ribose, nucleosides, and nucleotides.
(Remembering, Understanding)
 CO4.2: Explain the formation of phosphodiester linkages, the Watson-Crick model of
DNA, Chargaff’s rule, and the different forms of DNA (A, B, and Z). (Understanding)

 CO4.3: Discuss the denaturation of nucleic acids, the hyperchromic effect, Tm-values,
and the structure and function of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA. (Understanding)
Practical (36 hours)
 CO5.1: Perform qualitative analysis of carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, lipids, and
non-protein nitrogenous (NPN) substances using specific chemical tests. (Applying)
 CO5.2: Prepare and analyze carbohydrates (monosaccharides, disaccharides, and
polysaccharides) using a systematic scheme. (Applying)
 CO5.3: Identify amino acids and proteins through systematic analysis using specific
chemical reactions. (Applying)
 CO5.4: Identify lipids and NPN substances following systematic schemes of analysis.
(Applying)
These course outcomes provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure, function, and
analysis of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids, ensuring both
theoretical knowledge and practical skills.
SEMESTER 3
Code: BO3VO2T05 PRINCIPLES OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
Module 1: Industrial Importance of Microorganisms (10 hrs)
 CO1.1: Identify and describe the industrial importance of various fungi, including
Penicillium, Mucor, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Thamnidium, Neurospora,
Geotrichum, and Trichothecium. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO1.2: Explain the industrial relevance of yeast species like Saccharomyces,
Schizosaccharomyces, Zygosaccharomyces, Pichia, Candida, and Rhodotorula.
(Understanding)
 CO1.3: Discuss the significance of various bacteria in industry, including Acetobacter,
Bacillus, Clostridium, Desulfotomaculum, Escherichia, Erwinia, Flavobacterium,
Halobacterium, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Micrococcus, Propionibacterium,
Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptomyces, Yersinia,
and Vibrio. (Understanding)
Module 2: Food as a Substrate for Microorganisms (8 hrs)

 CO2.1: Explain the intrinsic factors affecting the growth of microorganisms in food,
such as pH, moisture, water activity, oxidation-reduction potential, nutrient content,
inhibitors, and biological structure. (Understanding)
 CO2.2: Describe the extrinsic factors influencing microbial growth in food, including
temperature, relative humidity, and gas concentration. (Understanding)
Module 3: Principles of Food Preservation (18 hrs)
 CO3.1: Discuss general principles of food preservation and methods like asepsis,
removal of microorganisms, and maintenance of anaerobic conditions. (Understanding)
 CO3.2: Explain preservation techniques using high temperatures, including heat
resistance, heat penetration, and thermal processes like canning. (Understanding)
 CO3.3: Describe preservation methods using low temperatures, such as cellar storage,
chilling, and freezing. (Understanding)
 CO3.4: Explain preservation by drying and the use of chemical preservatives, including
additives, inorganic and organic preservatives, and developed preservatives.
(Understanding)
 CO3.5: Discuss preservation by radiation, including the use of UV rays and ionizing
radiations. (Understanding)
Module 4: Microorganism as Food (18 hrs)
 CO4.1: Describe the production and significance of single-cell proteins.
(Remembering, Understanding)
 CO4.2: Explain the industrial production and uses of vitamins like B12 and B2.
(Understanding)
 CO4.3: Discuss the production and applications of industrial enzymes, including
amylase, invertase, pectolytic enzymes, proteolytic enzymes, and glucose oxidase.
(Understanding)
 CO4.4: Explain the production and uses of industrial acids, such as citric acid and lactic
acid. (Understanding)
 CO4.5: Discuss the production and applications of microbial gums like dextran and
xanthan. (Understanding)
 CO4.6: Describe the concept of probiotics, their advantages, and probiotic preparations
like yogurt and kefir. (Understanding)
Practical (36 hrs)

 CO5.1: Identify important fungi associated with post-harvest rot of cereals and
vegetables, including Mucor, Rhizopus, Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium.
(Applying)
 CO5.2: Isolate fungi from infected cereals, pulses, spoiled fruits, vegetables, and
various foodstuffs. (Applying)
 CO5.3: Culture fungi for morphological studies using agar plate and slide culture
methods. (Applying)
 CO5.4: Perform the glass slide technique to observe fungal spore germination.
(Applying)
These course outcomes provide a structured learning framework, ensuring a comprehensive
understanding of the industrial applications of microorganisms and practical skills in
microbiological techniques.
Code: BO3VO2T06 CONTAMINATION, SPOILAGE AND PRESERVATION OF
FOOD – PART I
Module 1: Sources of Food Contamination (12 hrs)
 CO1.1: Identify sources of pre-harvest contamination in food, including green plants,
fruits, animals, sewage, soil, water, and air. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO1.2: Describe sources of post-harvest contamination during transport, handling, and
processing, including processing equipment and workers. (Understanding, Analyzing)
Module 2: Principles of Food Spoilage (12 hrs)
 CO2.1: Explain the criteria for determining the fitness of food and the general
principles underlying food spoilage. (Understanding)
 CO2.2: Classify food based on spoilage types and describe the chemical changes in
nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous organic compounds due to microbial spoilage.
(Understanding, Analyzing)
Module 3: Cereals and Sugars (20 hrs)
 CO3.1: Discuss the contamination, preservation, and spoilage of cereals and cereal
products such as grains, flours, bread, and cake. (Understanding, Analyzing)

 CO3.2: Explain the contamination, preservation, and spoilage of sugar and sugar
products like cane sugar, jaggery, molasses, syrups, honey, and candy. (Understanding,
Analyzing)
Module 4: Vegetables and Fruits (10 hrs)
 CO4.1: Describe the contamination, preservation, and spoilage of raw vegetables and
fruits. (Understanding, Analyzing)
 CO4.2: Explain the spoilage mechanisms of fruit and vegetable juices. (Understanding,
Analyzing)
Practical (36 hrs)
 CO5.1: Perform serial dilution methods for diluting concentrated samples. (Applying)
 CO5.2: Isolate bacteria using streak plate methods, including continuous streak,
quadrant streak, and radial streak techniques. (Applying)
 CO5.3: Conduct bacteriological examination of water using the multiple tube
fermentation test, including presumptive, confirmed, and completed tests. (Applying)
These course outcomes ensure a comprehensive understanding of food contamination,
spoilage, and preservation principles, along with essential practical skills in microbiological
techniques.
Complementary course III: BC3CMT03-Enzymology and Metabolism
Unit I: Enzymology (16 hours)
 CO1.1: Classify enzymes into six major classes with one example for each.
(Remembering)
 CO1.2: Explain the roles of cofactors and coenzymes in enzyme function.
(Understanding)
 CO1.3: Discuss the factors affecting the velocity of enzyme-catalyzed reactions,
including substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, temperature, and pH.
(Understanding)
 CO1.4: Explain the Michaelis-Menten equation and the significance of Km.
(Understanding)
 CO1.5: Interpret enzyme kinetics using the Lineweaver-Burk plot. (Analyzing)

 CO1.6: Describe enzyme specificity with examples of group, optical, geometrical, and
cofactor specificity. (Remembering, Understanding)
Unit II: Carbohydrate Metabolism (16 hours)
 CO2.1: Describe the process of glycolysis with structural details. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO2.2: Explain the fates of pyruvate, including lactic acid fermentation and alcohol
fermentation. (Understanding)
 CO2.3: Discuss the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction and the citric acid cycle with
structural details. (Understanding)
 CO2.4: Explain substrate-level phosphorylation, the electron transport chain, and
oxidative phosphorylation. (Understanding)
 CO2.5: Describe glycogen metabolism, including glycogenesis and glycogenolysis.
(Remembering, Understanding)
Unit III: Protein Metabolism (12 hours)
 CO3.1: Explain the general aspects of amino acid metabolism, including
decarboxylation, deamination, and transamination. (Understanding)
 CO3.2: Describe the urea cycle with structural details. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO3.3: Differentiate between glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids with examples.
(Understanding, Analyzing)
Unit IV: Lipid Metabolism (10 hours)
 CO4.1: Describe fatty acid biosynthesis with structural details. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO4.2: Explain the oxidation of fatty acids, including fatty acid activation, the carnitine
shuttle, and β-oxidation, using palmitic acid as an example. (Understanding)
 CO4.3: Discuss the concept of ketone bodies and outline the biosynthesis of
cholesterol. (Understanding)
Practical (36 hours)
 CO5.1: Extract enzymes such as acid phosphatase from fresh potato, β-amylase from
sweet potato, and urease from jack bean. (Applying)

 CO5.2: Perform enzyme assays for acid phosphatase, β-amylase, and urease using
extracted enzymes. (Applying)
These course outcomes ensure a comprehensive understanding of enzymology and metabolism
principles, along with essential practical skills in enzyme extraction and assay.
SEMESTER 4
Code: BO4VO2T07 CONTAMINATION, SPOILAGE AND PRESERVATION OF
FOOD – PART II
Module 1: Meat and Seafood (18 hrs)
 CO1.1: Describe the sources and types of contamination in meat and meat products.
(Remembering, Understanding)
 CO1.2: Explain the methods of preservation of meat, including heat, cold, drying, and
the use of preservatives. (Understanding)
 CO1.3: Discuss the general principles and types of spoilage in meat. (Understanding)
 CO1.4: Identify the factors influencing spoilage of fish and other seafood and the
causative organisms. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO1.5: Explain the preservation methods for fish and seafood, including heat, cold,
and drying, and discuss spoilage of special kinds of fish and seafood. (Understanding,
Analyzing)
Module 2: Poultry and Eggs (12 hrs)
 CO2.1: Describe the sources and types of contamination in poultry. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO2.2: Explain the methods of preservation of poultry, including removal, heat, cold,
drying, and the use of preservatives. (Understanding)
 CO2.3: Discuss the spoilage processes in poultry. (Understanding)
 CO2.4: Identify the sources of contamination in eggs and explain the methods of
preservation, including removal, heat, cold, drying, and preservatives. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO2.5: Describe the spoilage of eggs, including defects, changes, bacterial rots, and
fungal rots. (Understanding)
Module 3: Milk and Milk Products (12 hrs)

 CO3.1: Identify the sources and types of contamination in milk and milk products.
(Remembering, Understanding)
 CO3.2: Explain the preservation methods for milk and milk products, including
asepsis, removal, heat, cold, drying, and preservatives. (Understanding)
 CO3.3: Discuss the spoilage processes of milk, cream, condensed and dry milk,
frozen desserts, and butter. (Understanding)
Module 4: Heated Canned Foods (12 hrs)
 CO4.1: Explain the causes of spoilage in heated canned foods and the grouping based
on pH. (Understanding)
 CO4.2: Describe the types of spoilage in canned foods and the specific spoilage
mechanisms in canned meat and fish. (Remembering, Understanding)
Practical (36 hrs)
 CO5.1: Perform quantitative estimation of microorganisms in samples like soil, milk,
fish, meat, vegetables, and cereals using viable count methods (spread plate, pour
plate, drop technique). (Applying)
 CO5.2: Conduct total microorganism counts using the haemocytometer method.
(Applying)
 CO5.3: Perform bacteriological analysis of milk using the Methylene Blue Reduction
Test (MBRT). (Applying)
These course outcomes ensure a comprehensive understanding of the contamination,
preservation, and spoilage of various food products, along with practical skills in
microbiological analysis techniques.
Code: BO4VO2T08 FOOD FERMENTATIONS, FOOD INFECTION AND FOOD
BORNE DISEASES

Module 1: Microbes in Fermented Foods (20 hrs)
 CO1.1: Explain the production and maintenance of bacterial, fungal, and yeast cultures
for food fermentation. (Understanding)
 CO1.2: Describe the role of leavening agents, including chemical and biological
leavening, in food fermentation. (Understanding)

 CO1.3: Discuss the preparation and microbial involvement in fermented foods such as
bread, malt beverages, wine, distilled liquors, vinegar, sauerkraut, tempeh, soya sauce,
idli, appam, and the processing of tea, coffee, cocoa, and vanilla. (Understanding,
Analyzing)
Module 2: Food Poisoning (12 hrs)
 CO2.1: Define foodborne illnesses, differentiating between food infections and food
intoxications. (Remembering, Understanding)
 CO2.2: Describe bacterial food infections like Clostridium perfringens poisoning and
Salmonellosis. (Understanding)
 CO2.3: Explain bacterial food intoxications such as aflatoxicosis, Staphylococcus
poisoning, and botulism. (Understanding)
 CO2.4: Discuss mycotoxins and mycotoxicosis, with a focus on aflatoxicosis.
(Understanding)
Module 3: Food and Water Borne Diseases (12 hrs)
 CO3.1: Identify viral diseases like gastroenteritis, infectious hepatitis, and
poliomyelitis, and discuss their transmission and prevention. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO3.2: Explain bacterial diseases such as cholera, typhoid fever, and Campylobacter
gastroenteritis, including their symptoms and preventive measures. (Understanding)
 CO3.3: Describe protozoan diseases like amoebiasis, with special reference to field
investigation, laboratory testing, and preventive measures. (Understanding, Applying)
Module 4: Food Sanitation (10 hrs)
 CO4.1: Explain the principles of cleaning and sanitation, including the use of
detergents, wetting agents, and physical agents like hot water and steam.
(Understanding)
 CO4.2: Describe the use of chemical sanitizers such as halogens, quaternary
ammonium compounds, acid-anionic sanitizers, and peroxides. (Understanding)
 CO4.3: Discuss HACCP principles and briefly outline standards such as ISO 22000,
FSSAI, and AGMARK. (Understanding)
Practical (36 hrs)

 CO5.1: Demonstrate enzyme action using a yeast fermentation system. (Applying)
 CO5.2: Illustrate the effect of temperature on yeast fermentation. (Applying)
 CO5.3: Investigate the effect of environmental factors such as temperature, osmotic
pressure, oxygen, and ionic effects on microbial growth. (Applying)
 CO5.4: Perform biochemical tests like IMViC and Catalase to determine microbial
activities. (Applying)
These course outcomes ensure a comprehensive understanding of the role of microorganisms
in food fermentation, foodborne illnesses, and food sanitation, along with practical skills in
microbiological testing and fermentation processes.
Complementary course IV: BC4CMT04- Nutritional and Clinical Biochemistry
Unit I: Nutritional Biochemistry (12 hours)
 CO1.1: Explain the concepts of nutrition and nutritional requirements, including the
importance of various principle foods like cereals, pulses, vegetables, fruits, nuts, milk,
egg, meat, and fish. (Understanding)
 CO1.2: Describe the calorific value of foods, respiratory quotient, and basal metabolic
rate. (Understanding)
 CO1.3: Differentiate between essential and non-essential amino acids and fatty acids,
and discuss the biological value of proteins. (Understanding)
 CO1.4: Identify the sources, nutritional importance, and deficiency disorders of
vitamins A, D, E, K, C, B1, B2, pyridoxine, nicotinic acid, B12, and folic acid.
(Remembering, Understanding)
 CO1.5: Discuss the biological and nutritional importance of macro and micro minerals
like calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, copper, and selenium, including
their deficiency disorders. (Understanding)
Unit II: Blood (10 hours)
 CO2.1: Describe the constituents of blood, types of blood cells, components of plasma,
and types of plasma proteins with their functions. (Understanding)
 CO2.2: Explain the mechanisms of blood clotting, including the extrinsic and intrinsic
pathways, anticoagulants, and fibrinolysis. (Understanding)
 CO2.3: Describe the structure of hemoglobin, different types of hemoglobin, and the
basis of sickle cell anemia. (Understanding)

Unit III: Clinical Biochemistry (18 hours)
 CO3.1: Define clinical biochemistry and explain its scope in diagnosis. (Remembering,
Understanding)
 CO3.2: Describe the methods of sample collection and preservation for blood, plasma,
serum, and urine. (Understanding)
 CO3.3: Explain the chemical analysis of blood, urine, and CSF, including liver function
tests (total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin-globulin ratio, total and conjugated
bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, GTT), thyroid function tests (T3, T4, TSH), and renal
function tests (urea, creatinine, urea clearance test, creatinine clearance test).
(Understanding)
 CO3.4: Identify the normal values for the above-mentioned clinical tests.
(Remembering)
Unit IV: Biochemical Basis of Metabolic Disorders (14 hours)
 CO4.1: Explain the biochemical basis of metabolic disorders such as lactose
intolerance, diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, galactosemia, hyperlipidemia,
atherosclerosis, ketosis, and obesity. (Understanding)
Practical (36 hours)
 CO5.1: Perform colorimetric estimation of carbohydrates using methods like phenol
sulfuric acid, dinitrosalicylate, and Roe’s resorcinol. (Applying)
 CO5.2: Conduct separation and estimation of lipids using methods like Zak’s
cholesterol estimation, determination of saponification value, and iodine number of fats
and oils. (Applying)
 CO5.3: Estimate proteins and amino acids using colorimetric methods like Lowry’s,
Biuret, and Spies and Chamber’s methods. (Applying)
 CO5.4: Perform colorimetric estimation of minerals and vitamins, including iron in
foodstuffs, thiamine in cereals, and ascorbic acid in lemon juice. (Applying)
 CO5.5: Conduct qualitative tests for abnormal constituents in urine, including tests for
proteins, sugars, hemoglobin, ketone bodies, bile pigments, and bile salts. (Applying)
These course outcomes provide a comprehensive understanding of nutritional biochemistry,
blood components, clinical biochemistry, metabolic disorders, and practical skills in
biochemical analysis and testing.

B. Sc. Zoology Model 1

Program Outcomes

Knowledge Base: Graduates will demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of core concepts in
zoology, including animal diversity, morphology, physiology, ecology, behaviour, and evolution.
Laboratory Skills: Graduates will acquire proficiency in laboratory techniques commonly used in
zoological research, including specimen collection, preparation, and analysis, as well as data
interpretation and scientific documentation.
Fieldwork Competence: Graduates will demonstrate competence in conducting field studies to
observe and study animals in their natural habitats, including ecological surveys, biodiversity
assessments, and behavioural observations.
Critical Thinking: Graduates will develop critical thinking skills to evaluate scientific literature,
formulate hypotheses, design experiments, and analyse data to address research questions in zoology.
Problem-solving Skills: Graduates will be able to apply their knowledge of zoology to solve practical
problems related to animal health, conservation, and management, as well as contribute to addressing global challenges such as climate change and biodiversity loss.
Communication Skills: Graduates will demonstrate effective communication skills in both written and oral forms, including scientific writing, presentation of research findings, and engagement in scientific discussions.
Ethical Awareness: Graduates will understand and adhere to ethical principles and guidelines in animal research, including the humane treatment of animals, responsible conduct of research, and
conservation ethics.
Interdisciplinary Perspective: Graduates will recognise the interdisciplinary nature of zoology and its connections to other fields such as ecology, genetics, physiology, conservation biology, and
environmental science.
Lifelong Learning: Graduates will develop a commitment to lifelong learning and professional
development, including staying updated with advancements in zoology, participating in continuing
education

SEMESTER 1. ZY1CRT0I. CORE COURSE 1.
GENERAL PERSPECTIVES IN SCIENCE & PROTISTAN DIVERSITY

Course Outcome:

• To create an awareness of the basic philosophy of science, concepts, and scope
• To understand different levels of biological diversity through the systematic classification
• To familiarize taxa-level identification of animals
• To make interest in Protistan diversity
• To impart knowledge on parasitic forms of lower invertebrates.

SEMESTER II. ZY2CRT02 CORE COURSE II:
ANIMAL DIVERSITY – NON CHORDATA

Course Outcome:

• To create appreciation on diversity of life on earth
• To understand different levels of biological diversity through the systematic classification of
  invertebrate fauna
• To familiarize taxa level identification of animals
• To understand the evolutionary significance of invertebrate fauna
• To instill curiosity on invertebrates around us
• To impart knowledge on parasitic forms of lower invertebrates.
  SECOND-YEAR B.SC. ZOOLOGY
  SEMESTER III. ZY3CRT03 CORE COURSE III:
  ANIMAL DIVERSITY –CHORDATA

Course Outcome:

• To acquire in depth knowledge on the diversity of chordates and their systematic position.
• To make them aware of the economic importance of some classes.
• To understand the evolutionary importance of selected chordate groups

SEMESTER IV. ZY4CRT04 CORE COURSE IV
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, BIOPHYSICS AND BIOSTATISTICS

Course Outcome:

• To familiarise the learner the basic concept of scientific method in research process.
• To have a knowledge on various research designs.
• To develop skill in research communication and scientific documentation.
• To create awareness about the laws and ethical values in biology.
• To equip the students with the basic techniques of animal rearing collection and
  preservation
• To help the student to apply statistical methods in biological studies.

THIRED-YEAR B.SC. ZOOLOGY
SEMESTER V. ZY5CRT05 CORE COURSE V
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Course Outcome:

• To instill the basic concepts of Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems, Natural Resources,
  Population, Environment and Society
• To make the students aware of natural resources, their protection, conservation, the
  factors polluting the environment, their impacts and control measures.
• To teach the basic concepts of toxicology, their impact on human health and remedial
  measures
• To create a consciousness regarding Biodiversity, environmental issues & conservation
  strategies
• To develop the real sense of Human rights – its concepts & manifestations

SEMESTER V. ZY5CRT06 CORE COURSE VI
CELL BIOLOGY AND GENETICS

Course Outcome:

• To understand the structure and function of the cell as the fundamentals for
  understanding the functioning of all living organisms.
• To make aware of different cell organelles, their structure and role in living organisms.
• To develop critical thinking, skill and research aptitudes in basic and applied biology
• To emphasize the central role of genes and their inheritance in the life of all organisms.

SEMESTER V. ZY5CRT07 CORE COURSE – VII:
EVOLUTION, ETHOLOGY & ZOOGEOGRAPHY

Course Outcome:

• To acquire knowledge about the evolutionary history of earth – living and nonliving
• To acquire basic understanding about evolutionary concepts and theories
• To study the distribution of animals on earth, its pattern, evolution and causative factors
• To impart basic knowledge on animal behavioural patterns and their role

SEMESTER V. ZY5CRT08 CORE COURSE VIII
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND ENDOCRINOLOGY

Course Outcome:

• This course will provide students with a deep knowledge in biochemistry, physiology and
  endocrinology.
• Defining and explaining the basic principles of biochemistry useful for biological studies for
  illustrating different kinds of food, their structure, function and metabolism.
• Explaining various aspects of physiological activities of animals with special reference to
  humans.
• Students will acquire a broad understanding of the hormonal regulation of physiological
  processes in invertebrates and vertebrates.
• By the end of the course, students should be familiar with hormonal regulation of
  physiological systems in several invertebrate and vertebrate systems.
• This also will provide a basic understanding of the experimental methods and designs that
  can be used for further study and research.
• The achievement of above objectives along with periodic class discussions of current events
  in science, will benefit students in their further studies in the biological/physiological
  sciences and health-related fields, and will contribute to the critical societal goal of a
  scientifically literate citizenry.

SEMESTER VI. ZY6CRT09 CORE COURSE IX
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Course Outcome:

• To achieve a basic understanding of the experimental methods and designs that can be
  used for future studies and research.
• To provide the students with the periodic class discussions of current events in science
  which will benefit them in their future studies in the biological/physiological sciences and
  health-related fields
• To contribute to critical societal goal of a scientifically literate citizenry.

SEMESTER VI. ZY6CRT10 CORE COURSE X.
MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY

Course Outcome:

• Understand the basic principles of microbiology, including microbial structure, function,
  metabolism, and genetics.
• Describe the diversity of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites,
  and their roles in health, disease, and the environment.
• Demonstrate proficiency in laboratory techniques commonly used in microbiology, such
  as aseptic techniques, microbial staining, culturing, and identification.
• Explain the principles of microbial pathogenesis, including mechanisms of infection, host-
  pathogen interactions, and the development of infectious diseases.
• Describe the immune system’s components, including cells, tissues, organs, and their
  roles in protecting the host against pathogens.
• Understand the principles of immunology, including innate and adaptive immunity,
  antigen recognition, antibody production, and immune responses.

SEMESTER VI. ZY6CRT11 CORE COURSE XI.
BIOTECHNOLOGY, BIOINFORMATICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Course Outcome:

• Understand the fundamental principles of biotechnology, including genetic engineering
  techniques, recombinant DNA technology, and applications in various fields.
• Apply knowledge of molecular biology concepts, such as DNA replication, transcription,
  translation, and gene regulation, to analyze biological systems and processes.
• Utilize bioinformatics tools and databases to analyze biological data, including sequence
  alignment, genome annotation, and phylogenetic analysis.
• Explain the role of genomics, proteomics, and systems biology in understanding complex
  biological systems and diseases.

V1 SEMESTER. ZY6CRT12 CORE COURSE XII

OCCUPATIONAL ZOOLOGY. (APICULTURE, VERMICULTURE, QUAIL FARMING & AQUACULTURE)
Course Outcome:

• To equip the students with self-employment capabilities.
• To provide scientific knowledge of profitable farming.
• To make the students aware of cottage industries.

SEMESTER V. OPEN COURSES (FOR OTHER STREAMS) ZY5OPT01 1.

VOCATIONAL ZOOLOGY

Course Outcome:

• To develop critical thinking skills and research aptitude among students, by introducing the
  frontier areas of biological science.
• To emphasize the central role that biological science plays in the life of all organisms.
• To introduce the student to some of the present and future applications of bio-sciences
• To acquire basic knowledge and skills in aquarium management, Quail farming,
  vermicomposting, and apiculture for self-employment
• To learn the different resources available and to develop an attitude towards sustainability
• Give awareness to society about need for waste management and organic farming

ELECTIVE COURSE . ZY6CBT02
AGRICULTURAL PEST MANAGEMENT

Course Outcome:

• To acquire basic skills in the observation and study of nature.
• To impart basic awareness regarding pest problem and crop loss due to their dominance.
• To inculcate interest in adopting biological control strategies for pest control.
• To understand various pests affecting our local crops and select the best method for their
  control.
• To acquire basic knowledge and skills in agriculture management to enable the learner for
  self-employment

B. Com. Model I Finance & Taxation

Programme Outcomes (POs)

The Undergraduate Programme in B. Com. Model I Finance & Taxation) intends to provide the following Programme Outcomes

• To familiarize students with the basics in taxation, rules and streams.
• To build a strong foundation of knowledge in different areas of taxation studies.
• To develop the skill of applying concepts and techniques used in Commerce and taxation.
• To develop an attitude for working effectively and efficiently in a business environment.
• To make the students aware about entrepreneurial activities and initiatives.
• To capacitate students on professional and personal decision making.
• To train students in the calculation of taxes, digital payment systems and e-filing of returns.

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

• Progressive learning of various forms of taxes, rates, and tax issues which will enable the students to launch tax consultancy firms.

• The competency in proceeding with accounting rules and practices which will enable the students to operate business and accounting enterprises.
• Students will learn financial accounting, auditing and other taxation practices.
• Students will learn relevant managerial accounting career skills, applying both quantitative and qualitative knowledge to their future careers in business.
• Students will gain knowledge and skills in different areas of business and management
• Students will acquire the competency in appearing for competitive examinations like Civil Service, banking, Chattered Accountancy, etc.
• Students will acquire the soft skills like communication, computer application, etc.

Course Outcome (COs)

SL.NO.	NAME OF THE COURSE	COURSE OUTCOME
1	DIMENSIONS AND METHODOLOGY OF BUSINESS STUDIES	To understand business and its role in society.To have an understanding of Business ethics and CSR.To comprehend the business environment and various dimensions.To familiarise Technology integration in business.To introduce the importance and fundamentals of business research.
2	FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING– I	To equip the students with the skill of preparing accounts and financial statements of various types of business units other than corporateUndertakings.
3	CORPORATE REGULATIONS AND ADMINISTRATION	To familiarise the students with the management and administration of joint stock companies in India as per Companies Act, 2013.
4	BANKING AND INSURANCE	To familiarize the students with the basic concepts and practice of banking and the principles of Insurance.
5	FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING – II	To acquaint the students with the preparation of books of accounts of various types of business activities and application of important accounting standards.

6	BUSINESS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK	The course is intended to familiarise the students with the legal framework influencing business decisions.
7	BUSINESS MANAGEMENT	To familiarise the students with concepts and principles of management.
8	PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS DECISIONS	The course is intended to familiarise the students with the economic concepts and principles underlying business decision making.
9	CORPORATE ACCOUNTS – I	To make the students familiarise with corporate accounting procedures andto understand the accounting for banking companies.
10	QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR      BUSINESS – I	To make the students understand the role of statistics and quantitativetechniques in business and familiarise them with basic tools applied.
11	FINANCIAL MARKETS AND OPERATIONS	The course is intended to familiarise the students with financial marketoperations in India.
12	MARKETING MANAGEMENT	The objective of this course is to provide a sound understanding of the basic principles of marketing management and their applications in thebusiness and industry.
13	CORPORATE ACCOUNTS – II	To equip the students with the preparation of financial statements ofinsurance companies and to understand the accounting procedure for reconstruction and liquidation of companies.
14	QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR BUSINESS- II	The objective of this course is to familiarise the students with moreadvanced tools of data analysis and forecasting and also to have an   understanding of the fundamentals of theory of probability.
15	ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT	To develop entrepreneurial spirit among students.To empower students with sufficient knowledge to start up their venture     with confidence.To mould young minds to take up challenges and become employer than    seeking employment and to make them aware of the opportunities and support        for entrepreneurship in India.
16	COST ACCOUNTING- I	To familiarise the students with cost concepts and to make the students learn the Fundamentals of cost accounting as a separate system of accounting.
17	ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS	To understand the concepts of Environmental Economics and sustainable development. To have insights into issues such as pollution, loss of forest, solid waste disposal, degradation of environment, Global warming, the depletion of ozone layer and loss of biodiversity. To understand the concept of Human Rights from a national and international perspective
18	FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT	To familiarise the students with the functional areas and principles of financial management.
19	COST ACCOUNTING- II	To acquaint the students with different methods and techniques of costing. and to enable the students to identify the methods and techniques applicable for different types of industries.
20	ADVERTISEMENT AND SALES MANAGEMENT	To make the students aware of the strategy, concept and methods of advertising and sales promotion.
21	AUDITING AND ASSURANCE	To familiarise the students with the principles and procedure of auditing. To enable the students to understand the duties and responsibilities of auditors and to undertake the work of auditing.
22	MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING	To acquaint the students with management accounting techniques for the analysis and interpretation of financial statements and to study the basic framework of financial reporting.
23	GOODS AND SERVICES TAX	To give the students a general understanding of the GST law in the country with a practical perspective and employability to the students in the commercial tax practices.
24	FINANCIAL SERVICES	To provide the students with an overall idea of financial services available in the country and to create an understanding about recent trends in financial services sector.
25	INCOME TAX- I	To familiarise the students with Income Tax Act 1961 and to enable the students to compute Income taxable under the first three heads of Income.
26	INCOME TAX -II	To have an understanding of determination of Total Income and tax payable and to get an overview regarding returns to be filed by an individual and also assessment procedure.
27	PROJECT & VIVA	To carry out project in the area of core course.To find out problems faced in the society and to provide solution.

B. Com. Model II Computer Application

Programme Outcomes (POs)

The Undergraduate Programme in B. Com. Model II Computer Application intends to provide the following Programme Outcomes

Study of the application of Computer in different streams of commerce.

An Understanding of the basic tools and techniques in the computer based accounting.

A detailed study of accounting software.

An understanding of design solutions for economic problems and design software.

An understanding of the impact professional accounting solutions in societal and environmental contexts.

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of management & software engineering principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team. Manage project in multidisciplinary environments.

Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the accounting practices.

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

• Acquisition of the skill in the application of sophisticated tools in accounting procedures.
• Gaining knowledge in the latest modes of e-accounting and auditing.
• Designing and developing new software in accounting.
• Enabling the students for academic and career progression in e-commerce and management.

Sl.No	Name of the Course	Course Outcome
1	DIMENSIONS AND METHODOLOGY OF BUSINESS STUDIES	•To understand business and its role in society.To have an understanding of Business ethics and CSR.To comprehend the business environment and various dimensions.To familiarise Technology integration in business.To introduce the importance and fundamentals of business research.
2	FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING– I	To equip the students with the skill of preparing accounts and financial statements of various types of business units other than corporateUndertakings.
3	CORPORATE REGULATIONSAND ADMINISTRATION	To familiarise the students with the management and administration of jointstock companies in India as per Companies Act, 2013.
4	BANKING AND INSURANCE	To familiarise the students with the basic concepts and practice of banking and the principles of Insurance.
5	FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING – II	To acquaint the students with the preparation of books of accounts of various types of business activities and application of important accounting standards.
6	BUSINESS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK	The course is intended to familiarise the students with the legal frameworkinfluencing business decisions.
7	BUSINESS MANAGEMENT	To familiarise the students with concepts and principles of management.
8	PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS DECISIONS	The course is intended to familiarise the students with the economic concepts and principles underlying business decision making.
9	CORPORATE ACCOUNTS – I	To make the students familiarise with corporate accounting procedures andto understand the accounting for banking companies.
10	QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUESFOR BUSINESS – I	To make the students understand the role of statistics and quantitativetechniques in business and familiarise them with basic tools applied.
11	FINANCIAL MARKETS ANDOPERATIONS	The course is intended to familiarise the students with financial marketoperations in India.
12	MARKETING MANAGEMENT	The objective of this course is to provide a sound understanding of the basicprinciples of marketing management and their applications in the business
13	CORPORATE ACCOUNTS – II	To equip the students with the preparation of financial statements ofinsurance companies and to understand the accounting procedure for reconstruction and liquidation of companies.
14	QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR BUSINESS- II	The objective of this course is to familiarise the students with moreadvanced tools of data analysis and forecasting and also to have an understanding of the fundamentals of theory of probability.
15	ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT	To develop entrepreneurial spirit among students.To empower students with sufficient knowledge to start up their venture   with confidence.To mould young minds to take up challenges and become employer than seeking employment and to make them aware of the opportunities and support        for entrepreneurship in India.
16	COST ACCOUNTING- I	To familiarise the students with cost concepts and to make the students learn the Fundamentals of cost accounting as a separate system of accounting.
17	ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS	To understand the concepts of Environmental Economics and sustainable development. To have insights into issues such as pollution, loss of forest, solid waste disposal, degradation of environment, Global warming, the depletion of ozone layer and loss of biodiversity. To understand the concept of Human Rights from a national and international perspective
18	COST ACCOUNTING- II	To acquaint the students with different methods and techniques of costing and to enable the students to identify the methods and techniques applicable for different types of industries.
19	ADVERTISEMENT AND SALES MANAGEMENT	To make the students aware of the strategy, concept and methods of advertising and sales promotion.
20	MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING	To acquaint the students with management accounting techniques for the analysis and interpretation of financial statements and to study the basic framework of financial reporting.
21	DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM	To familiarise the students with the concepts of database management and to equip them to handle the database for business firms.
22	INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR BUSINESS	To make the students aware of the role of information technology in business and make them capable of developing web pages for business
23	INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR OFFICE	The objective of this course is to make the students capable of managing the office activities with the help of information technology.
24	SOFTWARE FOR BUSINESS AND RESEARCH	To impart knowledge to use IT in business research analysis.To develop practical skills in the applications of business software.
25	PROGRAMMING IN C	Explore algorithmic approaches to problem solving. Develop modular programs using control structures and arrays in ‘C’
26	COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING	To equip the students to meet the demands of the industry by mastering them with industry sought after computerised accounting packages. To expose the students to computer applications in the field of accounting.To develop practical skills in the application of Tally Accounting Package.
27	PROJECT & VIVA	To carry out project in the area of core course.To find out problems faced in the society and to provide solution.

M. Sc. Mathematics

Programme Specific Outcomes

PSO1. Possess advanced knowledge and skills in algebra, calculus, topology, and other core areas of advanced mathematics.

PSO2. Apply mathematical techniques and algorithms to solve real-world problems in diverse fields.

PSO3. Demonstrate proficiency in using mathematical software and tools for problem-solving and data analysis.

PSO4. Understand and apply advanced concepts in areas like functional analysis, differential geometry, and number theory.

PSO5. Develop the ability to engage in research, critically analyze mathematical problems, and contribute to the field’s advancement.

Course Outcomes by Semester:

FIRST SEMESTER:

ME010101 Abstract Algebra:

1. Understand key concepts of abstract algebra such as groups, rings, and fields.
2. Apply abstract algebraic structures to solve mathematical problems.

ME010102 Linear Algebra:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of vector spaces, subspaces, basis, dimension, linear transformations, isomorphism, representation of transformations by matrices, determinants, and elementary canonical forms in Linear Algebra.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to computations concerning subspaces, algebra of linear transformations, linear functionals, determinant functions, and invariant subspaces in Linear Algebra.

ME010103 Basic Topology:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of topological spaces, bases, subspaces, closed sets, closures, neighbourhoods, interior and accumulation points, and separation axioms in Basic Topology.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to topological spaces, continuity, quotient spaces, and special properties like connectedness, local connectedness, and paths.

ME010104 Real Analysis:

1. Understand the concepts of functions of bounded variation, rectifiable curves, the Riemann-Stieltjes integral, sequence and series of functions, and Weierstrass approximation in the context of Real Analysis.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to the properties of functions, integration, differentiation, uniform convergence, and special functions in Real Analysis.

ME010105 Graph Theory:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of graphs, including subgraphs, degrees of vertices, paths, connectedness, automorphism, line graphs, and directed graphs.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to connectivity, trees, Eulerian and Hamiltonian graphs, graph colorings, planarity, and spectral properties of graphs in Graph Theory.

SECOND SEMESTER:

ME010201 Advanced Abstract Algebra:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of extension fields, algebraic extensions, geometric constructions, finite fields, unique factorization domains, Euclidean domains, automorphisms of fields, isomorphism extension theorem, splitting fields, separable extensions, Galois Theory, and cyclotomic extensions in Advanced Abstract Algebra.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to Gaussian integers, multiplicative norms, and the insolvability of the quintic equation using Galois Theory.

ME010202 Advanced Topology:

1. Understand and apply the concepts of nets and filters, product topology, and compactness.

ME010203 Numerical Analysis with Python:

1. Apply numerical methods to solve mathematical problems using Python programming.

ME010204 Complex Analysis:

1. Apply the concept and consequences of analyticity and the Cauchy-Riemann equations, and analyze results on harmonic and entire functions including the fundamental theorem of algebra.

ME010205 Measure and Integration:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of Lebesgue measure, Lebesgue measurable sets, Lebesgue measurable functions, and the Lebesgue integral in Measure Theory and Integration.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to Lebesgue outer measure, Borel-Cantelli Lemma, Riemann Integral, Caratheodory measure, Radon-Nikodym Theorem, and product measures in Measure Theory and Integration.

THIRD SEMESTER:

ME010301 Advanced Complex Analysis:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of harmonic functions, power series expansions, entire functions, the Riemann Zeta function, the Riemann Mapping Theorem, and the Weierstrass’s theory in Advanced Complex Analysis.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to mean-value property, Poisson’s formula, Schwarz’s theorem, Weierstrass’s theorem, the Taylor series, the Laurent series, the Gamma function, Jensen’s formula, the functional equation of the Riemann Zeta function, and the Riemann Mapping Theorem.

ME010302 Partial Differential Equations:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of methods of solutions for differential forms, orthogonal trajectories, Pfaffian differential equations, and the origins of first and second-order partial differential equations.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to linear and nonlinear partial differential equations, Charpit’s method, separation of variables, Laplace equation, and the theory of functions in Partial Differential Equations.

ME010303 Multivariate Calculus and Integral Transforms:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of Fourier series and transforms, multivariable differential calculus, Jacobian matrix, implicit and inverse function theorems, and integration of differential forms in Multivariate Calculus.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to directional derivatives, total derivatives, chain rule, mixed partial derivatives, and the integration of differential forms in Multivariate Calculus.

ME010304 Functional Analysis:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of metric spaces, completion of metric spaces, normed spaces, Banach spaces, linear operators, inner product spaces, Hilbert spaces, and various types of operators in Functional Analysis.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to bounded and continuous linear operators, dual spaces, orthogonal complements, orthonormal sets, Hahn-Banach theorem, and adjoint operators in Functional Analysis.

ME010305 Optimization Techniques:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of linear programming, integer programming, goal programming, network flow and potentials, and nonlinear programming in Optimization Techniques.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to the simplex method, duality theorems, cutting plane methods, branch and bound method, goal programming, network flow problems, Taylor’s series expansion, and Kuhn-Tucker conditions in Optimization Techniques.

FOURTH SEMESTER:

ME010401 Spectral Theory:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of reflexive spaces, uniform boundedness theorem, strong and weak convergence, Banach fixed point theorem, spectral theory in finite dimensional normed spaces, Banach algebras, and spectral properties of linear operators in Spectral Theory.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to convergence of sequences of operators, open mapping theorem, closed linear operators, compact linear operators, and spectral properties of bounded self-adjoint linear operators in Spectral Theory.

ME010402 Analytic Number Theory:

1. Understand the concepts of arithmetic functions, Dirichlet multiplication, average order of arithmetical functions, the distribution of prime numbers, congruences, quadratic residues, and the quadratic reciprocity law.
2. Apply the learned principles to solve problems related to Number Theory.

ME800401 Differential Geometry:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of graphs, vector fields, tangent spaces, orientation, curvature, and parametrized surfaces in Differential Geometry.
2. Apply the learned principles to analyze and solve problems related to Differential Geometry.

ME800402 Algorithmic Graph Theory:

1. Apply advanced graph theory concepts and algorithmic techniques to solve complex problems in various mathematical and computational contexts.

M.Sc. Data Analytics

Programme Specific Outcomes

PSO1: Apply appropriate methods for data collection, cleaning, and preprocessing to ensure the quality and reliability of data for analysis.

PSO2: Utilize statistical techniques and machine learning models to analyze and model complex datasets to extract meaningful patterns and insights.

PSO3: Apply big data technologies and platforms to handle and analyze large volumes of data efficiently and effectively.

PSO4: Use data visualization tools and techniques to represent and communicate data insights effectively to various stakeholders.

PSO5: Recognize and adhere to ethical and legal guidelines related to data privacy, confidentiality, and security in data analytics projects.

PSO6: Manage data analytics projects effectively, demonstrating leadership skills, teamwork, and project management capabilities.

PSO7: Engage in research activities to explore innovative data analytics methodologies and contribute to the advancement of the field.

Course Outcomes by Semester:

SEMESTER I

ST 050101 STATISTICAL FOUNDATION FOR DATA ANALYTICS

1. Apply basic statistical concepts to analyze and interpret data sets. 
2. Formulate and solve statistical problems related to data analytics. 

ST 050102 MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATION FOR DATA ANALYTICS 1

1. Demonstrate understanding of foundational mathematical concepts relevant to data analytics. 
2. Apply mathematical principles to solve problems in data analytics. 

ST 050103 REGRESSION ANALYSIS

1. Understand and apply various regression techniques for data analysis.
2. Evaluate the performance of regression models using appropriate metrics.

ST 050104 DATA BASE TECHNOLOGY

1. Understand the principles and concepts of database management systems.
2. Design and implement database solutions for data analytics tasks. 

ST 050105 PROGRAMMING AND DATA STRUCTURES WITH PYTHON

1. Develop Python programs to manipulate and analyze data. 
2. Apply data structures and algorithms to solve programming challenges. 

ST 050106 PRACTICAL 1

1. Implement and validate data analytics techniques in a practical environment. 
2. Analyze and interpret results from data analytics experiments. 

ST 050107 PRACTICAL 2

1. Implement and validate data analytics techniques in a practical environment.
2. Analyze and interpret results from data analytics experiments. 

SEMESTER II

ST 050201 MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATION FOR DATA ANALYTICS 2

1. Extend understanding of advanced mathematical concepts relevant to data analytics. 
2. Apply advanced mathematical principles to solve complex problems in data analytics. 

ST 050202 MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS

1. Understand and apply multivariate statistical techniques for data analysis. 
2. Evaluate the relationships between multiple variables using appropriate multivariate methods. 

ST 050203 STOCHASTIC PROCESS AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS

1. Understand the principles of stochastic processes and time series analysis. 
2. Apply stochastic and time series models for data forecasting and analysis. 

ST 050204 DATA VISUALIZATION

1. Design and create effective data visualizations to represent complex data. 
2. Evaluate the effectiveness of data visualizations in conveying information. 

ST 050205 PROGRAMMING USING R

1. Develop R programs to manipulate and analyze data. 
2. Apply data structures and algorithms in R to solve programming challenges. 

ST 050206 PRACTICAL 3

1. Implement and validate data analytics techniques using R in a practical environment. 
2. Analyze and interpret results from data analytics experiments using R. 

ST 050207 PRACTICAL 4

1. Implement and validate data analytics techniques using R in a practical environment. 
2. Analyze and interpret results from data analytics experiments using R. 

SEMESTER III

ST 050301 SAMPLING & DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Understand and apply principles of sampling and experimental design in data analytics. 
2. Evaluate the appropriateness of different sampling and experimental designs.

ST 050302 OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES

1. Understand and apply optimization techniques in data analytics. 
2. Formulate and solve optimization problems related to data analytics. 

ST 050303 MACHINE LEARNING

1. Understand and apply machine learning algorithms for data analysis and prediction. 
2. Evaluate the performance of machine learning models using appropriate metrics. 

ST 050304 BIG DATA ANALYTICS AND HADOOP

1. Understand the concepts and principles of big data analytics and Hadoop. 
2. Implement and evaluate big data analytics solutions using Hadoop. 

ST 050305 INTERNSHIP

1. Apply knowledge and skills gained from the program in real-world data analytics projects. 
2. Demonstrate professional and ethical practices in a real-world data analytics environment. 

ST 050306 PRACTICAL 5

1. Implement and validate advanced data analytics techniques in a practical environment. 
2. Analyze and interpret results from advanced data analytics experiments. 

ST 050307 PRACTICAL 6

1. Implement and validate data analytics techniques using advanced tools and techniques. 
2. Analyze and interpret results from advanced data analytics experiments. 
3. Develop and optimize data analytics solutions to address specific challenges. 

SEMESTER IV

ST 910401 CLOUD COMPUTING

1. Understand the fundamentals of cloud computing and its significance in data analytics. 
2. Implement and manage data analytics solutions on cloud platforms effectively. 
3. Evaluate the performance and scalability of data analytics solutions deployed on cloud platforms. 

ST 910402 RELIABILITY MODELING AND STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL

1. Understand and apply principles of reliability modeling in data analytics. 
2. Implement statistical quality control techniques to improve data analytics processes. 
3. Evaluate and optimize the reliability and quality of data analytics processes and products using statistical methods. 

ST 910403 DATA ANALYTICS PRACTICAL

1. Apply comprehensive data analytics techniques in a practical setting. 
2. Analyze and interpret complex data sets to derive actionable insights.

M. Sc. Physics

Programme Outcomes (POs)

• Demonstrate knowledge and scientific understanding to identify research problems, design experiments, use appropriate methodologies, analyse and interpret data and provide solutions.
•  Exhibit organising skills and the ability to manage time and resources.
• Communicate effectively in spoken and written form as well as through electronic media with the scientific community as well as with society at large. 
• Demonstrate the ability to write dissertations, reports, make effective presentations and documentation
• Demonstrate knowledge of basic concepts, principles and applications of the different branches of Physics
• Make the students to master in the field of materials science and prepare them for research.

PROGRAMME SPECIFIC OUTCOMES

PSO1. Get an in-depth knowledge of Physics.

PSO2. Pursue research in theoretical/ experimental physics or related areas.

PSO3. Acquire a thorough understanding of the fundamentals of Physics so as to select an academic career in secondary or tertiary level.

PSO4. Ability to plan and execute their own innovative ideas in the form of projects, product

design and development

PSO5. Have fundamental and advanced level knowledge in physics so as to handle the computational tools and Scientific software.

PSO6. Enhance the employability of the student by giving experimental expertise in basic as well as advanced areas of physics.

PSO7. Learn the significance of research by doing minor projects and internships.

COURSE OUTCOMES

SEMESTER 1

PH010101 MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN PHYSICS- I

CO1. Learn more on volume integrals, surface integrals, Divergence, curl, curvilinear co-ordinates, and their applications in Physics.

CO2. Obtain a deeper knowledge in matrices and its applications.

CO3. Have a deeper idea on physical interpretation and application of vector, matrices and tensors.

PH010102 CLASSICAL MECHANICS

CO1. Understand the fundamental concepts of the Lagrangian and the Hamiltonian methods and apply them to various problems.

CO2. Understand the physics of small oscillations and the concepts of canonical transformations and Poisson brackets.

CO3. Understand the basic ideas of central forces and rigid body dynamics.

CO4. Understand more on the Hamilton-Jacobi method and the concept of action-angle variables.

PH010103 ELECTRODYNAMICS

CO1. Get proper understanding of electricity, magnetism and electrodynamics.

CO2. Attain a good knowledge of electromagnetic radiation field and its interaction with matter.

CO3. Learn the principles of electromagnetic field radiating out of accelerated charges and the impact of relativity in electromagnetism along with confined propagation of electromagnetic waves.

PH010104 ELECTRONICS

CO1. Learn the theory of Op-AMP and its applications like DC and AC amplifiers.

CO2. Learn more on filters, oscillators, wave generators, timer IC etc.

CO3. Have broad knowledge on analogue communications.

PH010105 GENERAL PHYSICS PRACTICAL

CO1. Develop advanced experimental skills.

CO2. Learn to conduct B-H Curve analysis and determine the absorption bands etc.

SEMESTER 2

PH010201 MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN PHYSICS-II

CO1. Have a good concept in complex analysis, Laplace, Fourier series and transforms.

CO2. Learn more on the Fourier series and its application to solutions of partial differential equations.

CO3. Develop an advanced knowledge on special functions, its applications, the partial differential equations and its solutions.

PH010202 QUANTUM MECHANICS-I

CO1. Understand the fundamental concepts of the Dirac formalism. 

CO2. Understand how quantum systems evolve in time.

CO3. Understand the basics of the quantum theory of angular momentum.

CO4. Solve the hydrogen atom problem which is a prelude to more complicated problems in quantum mechanics.

PH010203 STATISTICAL MECHANICS

CO1. Learn the concept of microstates, macrostates, entropy and density of states.

CO2. Have advanced knowledge on statistics of various ensemble systems and its Thermodynamics.

CO3. Have a deeper understanding on three types of distributions, Thermodynamics of idea gas, Bose Particles and Fermi Particles.

CO4. Learn about the Phase Transitions.

PH010204 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS

CO1. Apply the theory of x-ray diffraction to intensity of spectrum, structure factor of crystal systems.

CO2. Learn different crystal symmetry and its applications.

CO3. Understand the electron theory of crystals, band formation and gains knowledge on semiconductor physics.

CO4. Learn the Physics behind the thermal and magnetic properties of materials.

PH010205 ELECTRONICS PRACTICAL

CO1. Develop a deeper practical knowledge in construction of applied electronic circuits.

SEMESTER 3

PH010301 QUANTUM MECHANICS -II

CO1. Understand the different stationary state approximation methods and be able to apply them to various quantum systems.

CO2. Understand the basics of time-dependent perturbation theory and its application to semi-

classical theory of atom-radiation interaction.

CO3. Understand the theory of identical particles and its application to helium.

CO4. Understand the idea of Born approximation and the method of partial waves.

CO5: Get the basic concepts of relativistic quantum mechanics.

PH010302 COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS

CO1. Have the basic idea about the techniques used in physics to solve problems with the help of computers.

CO2. Develop your own Algorithms of every method described in the syllabus.

PH010303 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS

CO1. Understand the atomic structure and spectra of typical one- electron and two-electron systems.

CO2. Learn the theory of microwave and infra-red spectroscopies as well as the electronic spectroscopy of molecules, the basics of Raman spectroscopy and the nonlinear Raman effects.

CO3. Learn the spin resonance spectroscopies such as NMR and ESR. CO4: Understand the theory and application of Mossbauer spectroscopy.

SEMESTER 4

PH010401 NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS

CO1. Have knowledge about the basic properties of the nucleus and the nuclear forces.

CO2. Learn the major models of the nucleus and the theory behind the nuclear decay process and the physics of nuclear reactions.

CO3. Learn the interaction between elementary particles and the conservation laws in particle physics.

CO4: Get some idea about nuclear astrophysics and the practical applications of nuclear physics.

PH010402 COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS PRACTICAL

CO1. Apply the computational theory to numerical problems at an advanced level.

PH010403 PROJECT

CO1. Motivate the inquisitive and research aptitude of the students.

PH010404 COMPREHENSIVE VIVA-VOCE

CO1. Test the knowledge in the respective areas.

M. Sc. Chemistry

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

PSO1. Demonstrate an understanding of the fundamental principles, including scientific reasoning to solve problems, of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry and physical chemistry

PSO2. Students equip themselves with up-to-date knowledge in the field of frontier areas of chemistry

 PSO3. To acquire sufficient knowledge to synthesize a chemical compound and perform necessary characterization and analysis in support of the formation of the product by using modern analytical tools and advanced technologies.

PSO4. Know and predict the structure and bonding in molecules/ions

PSO5. Develops analytical skills and problem-solving skills requiring application of chemical principles

 Course Outcome

Semester	Course	Course Outcome (CO)
I	CH1C01  Organometallics and Nuclear Chemistry	CO1. To understand the application of organometallic compounds in catalysis CO2.To study the importance of nuclear chemistry and its application of radio isotopes in industry CO3.To have an understanding about bioinorganic compounds
I	CH1C02 Structural and Molecular Organic Chemistry	CO1.To have an understanding on the basic concepts of organic chemistry CO2.To understand the mechanisms of organic reactions and reaction intermediates CO3.To develop a problem-solving skill on the conformation and stereochemistry of organic compounds
I	CH1C03 Quantum chemistry and Group Theory	CO1.Revise the fundamental ideas of quantum mechanics and group theory CO2.To develop an understanding on quantum chemistry and group theory and to develop problem solving skill on model problems CO3.To categorise molecules of different point groups and application of Great Orthogonality theorem to derive character table of various point groups CO4.Know about the application to harmonic oscillator, rigid rotor, one-electron and many-electron atoms, and homo-and hetero-nuclear diatomic molecules.
I	CH1C04Classical and Statistical Thermodynamics	CO1.To have an understanding on principles and laws of equilibrium thermodynamics to multicomponent systems. CO2.Apply the principles of statistical mechanics to selected problems. CO3.Apply techniques from statistical mechanics to a range of situations.
II	CH2C05 Coordination Chemistry	CO1.To understand the structural and bonding aspects in coordination compounds CO2.To learn the kinetics and mechanism of reactions in Metal Complexes CO3.To understand the spectral and Magnetic Properties of Metal Complexes CO4. To analyse the stereochemistry of Coordination Compounds CO5.To acquire knowledge on coordination of Lanthanides and Actinides
II	CH2C06 Organic Reaction Mechanisms	CO1.To know about the basic organic reaction mechanisms CO2.To have an idea on different reaction intermediates in organic reactions with special reference to some name reactions CO3.To have an understanding about the reactions of carbonyl compounds CO4.To learn about concerted reactions and to develop the problem-solving skill on the mechanism of these reactions
II	CH2C07Chemical Bonding and Computational Chemistry	CO1.To have an understanding on various Approximate Methods in Quantum Mechanics CO2.Apply, analyse and evaluate group theoretical concepts in chemical bonding CO3.Learn the concepts and scope of computational chemistry.
II	CH2C08Molecular Spectroscopy	CO1.To have an understanding on basic principles of various spectroscopic techniques CO2.To understand the scope of NMR, FTNMR, EPR and Mossbauer spectroscopy in structure and bonding
II	CH2P01 Inorganic Chemistry Practical-1	CO1.Apply the principles of colorimetric estimation in the quantitative estimation of ions CO2.Develop the skill to separate and identify two less common metal ions in a mixture CO3.Familiarise to prepare and characterize some metal complexes
II	CH2P02Organic Chemistry Practical-1	CO1. Develop the skill in separation and purification of organic compounds and binary mixtures. CO2. Understand different techniques like solvent extraction,TLC, column chromatography etc. CO3. Use the computational tools to draw the reaction schemes and spectral data to various organicreactions.
II	CH2P03Physical Chemistry Practical-1	CO1. Understand different quantitative methods like adsorption, phase diagram analysis, distributionmethods and surface tension methods. CO2. Study the different aspect in computational calculations.
III	CH3C09 Structural Inorganic Chemistry	CO1.To understand the imperfections in solids, solid state reactions and different techniques in crystal growth CO2.To study the Electrical, Magnetic and Optical Properties CO3.To have an awareness about the inorganic chains, rings and metal clusters
III	CH3C10Organic Syntheses	CO1.To understand about the various oxidizing and reducing agents used in oxidation and reduction CO2.To be aware of different modern synthetic methods and reagents CO3.To know how to construct heterocyclic ring systems CO4.Learn the principles of protecting group chemistry and retrosynthetic approach towards organic synthesis.
III	CH3C11Chemical Kinetics, Surface Chemistry And Photochemistry	CO1.To understand different theories of reaction rates, acid-base catalysis, enzyme catalysis CO2.To study the theories related to surface phenomena CO3.To know more about photochemistry
III	CH3C12Spectroscopic Methods in Chemistry	CO1.To understand different spectroscopic techniques CO2.Apply the different spectroscopic methods to solve problems based on it.
IV	CH4E01 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry	CO1.To understand the application of group theory in the construction of Symmetry Adapted Linear Combination of Atomic orbitals in tetrahedral, octahedral and sandwich complexes. CO2.To develop an understanding on Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy in the structural elucidation of coordination compounds CO3.To develop a conceptual understanding on sampling and Non-aqueous solvents CO4.To develop sufficient understanding on Photochemical reactions of complexes
IV	CH4E02 Advanced Organic Chemistry	CO1.To study the concept of molecular recognition and its importance in biological systems CO2.To develop sufficient understanding on Green Alternatives to Organic Synthesis CO3.To understand the mechanisms involved in Stereoselective Transformations CO4.To extend skills in Drug designing
IV	CH4E03Advanced Physical Chemistry	CO1.Understand the excited states involved in a photochemical Analyze and apply diffraction methods and atomic spectroscopic techniques CO2.Apply the theories in electrochemistry for analyzing kinetics of electrode reactions.
IV	CH2P04 Inorganic Chemistry Practical-2	CO1. Understand to separate and estimate metallic ions of simple binary mixtures. CO2. Know analysis of a few alloys and ores.
IV	CH2P05Organic Chemistry Practical-2	CO1.Familiarise the Chemical Methods in the preparation of organic compounds involving two step synthetic sequences CO2. Develop the skill of Multistep Synthetic Sequences by the Green Alternatives of Chemical Methods in the preparation of organic compounds CO3.To understand and apply the principle of Microwave assisted Organic Synthesis CO4.To know how to Predict the FTIR, UV-Visible, 1H and 13C NMR spectra of the substrates and products synthesized
IV	CH2P06Physical Chemistry Practical-2	CO1.Understand quantitative analytical techniques like polarimetry, refractometry, conductivity and potentiometric methods CO2.To develop a thorough understanding in the determination of of viscosity of liquids CO3.To attain a deep understanding of determination of the rate constant and Arrhenius parameters.

M. Sc. Analytical Chemistry

Programme Specific Outcome (PSO’s)

PSO1. Provide theoretical background and develop practical skills for analysing materials using modern analytical methods and instruments.

PSO2.The students will improve their competencies on par with their counterparts in premier institutions across the nation.

PSO3. Students will be able to design, execute, record and analyses the results of chemical experiments.

PSO4. Become efficient in using standard operating procedures and will be well versed with the regulations for safe handling and use of chemicals.

PSO5. Enormous job opportunities at all level of chemical, pharmaceutical, food products and material industries

Course Outcome

Sem	Course	Course Outcome (CO)
I	AN1C01 Organometallics and Nuclear Chemistry	CO1. To understand the application of organometallic compounds in catalysis CO2.To study the importance of nuclear chemistry and its application of radio isotopes in industry CO3.To have an understanding about bioinorganic compounds
I	AN1C02 Structural and Molecular Organic Chemistry	CO1.To have an understanding on the basic concepts of organic chemistry CO2.To understand the mechanisms of organic reactions and reaction intermediates CO3.To develop a problem-solving skill on the conformation and stereochemistry of organic compounds
I	AN1C03 Quantum chemistry and Group Theory	CO1.Revise the fundamental ideas of quantum mechanics and group theory CO2.To develop an understanding on quantum chemistry and group theory and to develop problem solving skill on model problems CO3.To categorise molecules of different point groups and application of Great Orthogonality theorem to derive character table of various point groups CO4.Know about the application to harmonic oscillator, rigid rotor, one-electron and many-electron atoms, and homo-and hetero-nuclear diatomic molecules.
I	AN1C04Classical and Statistical Thermodynamics	CO1.To have an understanding on principles and laws of equilibrium thermodynamics to multicomponent systems. CO2.Apply the principles of statistical mechanics to selected problems. CO3.Apply techniques from statistical mechanics to a range of situations.
II	AN2C05 Coordination Chemistry	CO1.To understand the structural and bonding aspects in coordination compounds CO2.To learn the kinetics and mechanism of reactions in Metal Complexes CO3.To understand the spectral and Magnetic Properties of Metal Complexes CO4. To analyse the stereochemistry of Coordination Compounds CO5.To acquire knowledge on coordination of Lanthanides and Actinides
II	AN2C06 Organic Reaction Mechanisms	CO1.To know about the basic organic reaction mechanisms CO2.To have an idea on different reaction intermediates in organic reactions with special reference to some name reactions CO3.To have an understanding about the reactions of carbonyl compounds CO4.To learn about concerted reactions and to develop the problem-solving skill on the mechanism of these reactions
II	AN2C07Chemical Bonding and Computational Chemistry	CO1.To have an understanding on various Approximate Methods in Quantum Mechanics CO2.Apply, analyse and evaluate group theoretical concepts in chemical bonding CO3.Learn the concepts and scope of computational chemistry.
II	AN2C08Molecular Spectroscopy	CO1.To have an understanding on basic principles of various spectroscopic techniques CO2.To understand the scope of NMR, FTNMR, EPR and Mossbauer spectroscopy in structure and bonding
II	AN2P01  Inorganic Chemistry Practical-1	CO1-Apply the principles of colorimetric estimation in the quantitative estimation of ions CO2.Develop the skill to separate and identify two less common metal ions in a mixture CO3.Familiarise to prepare and characterize some metal complexes
II	AN2P02Organic Chemistry Practical-1	CO1. Develop the skill in separation and purification of organic compounds and binary mixtures. CO2. Understand different techniques like solvent extraction,TLC, column chromatography etc. CO3. Use the computational tools to draw the reaction schemes and spectral data to various organic reactions.
II	AN2P03Physical Chemistry Practical	CO1. Understand different quantitative methods like adsorption, phase diagram analysis, distribution methods and surface tension methods. CO2. Study the different aspect in computational calculations.
III	AN3C09 Structural Inorganic Chemistry	CO1.To understand the imperfections in solids, solid state reactions and different techniques in crystal growth CO2.To study the Electrical, Magnetic and Optical Properties CO3.To have an awareness about the inorganic chains, rings and metal clusters
III	AN3C10Organic Syntheses	CO1.To understand about the various oxidizing and reducing agents used in oxidation and reduction CO2.To be aware of different modern synthetic methods and reagents CO3.To know how to construct heterocyclic ring systems CO4.Learn the principles of protecting group chemistry and retrosynthetic approach towards organic synthesis.
III	AN3C11Selected Topics in Physical Chemistry	CO1.To understand different theories of reaction rates, acid-base catalysis, enzyme catalysis CO2.To study the theories related to surface phenomena CO3.To understand about the different methods of characterizing crystal structure CO4.To know more about photochemistry
III	AN3C12Spectroscopic Methods in Chemistry	CO1.To understand different spectroscopic techniques CO2.Apply the different spectroscopic methods to solve problems based on it.
IV	AN4E01Analytical Procedures	CO1.To understand the risks and hazards of chemicals and procedures for their safe disposal CO2.Understand conventional analytical procedures like gravimetry analysis and different volumetric analysis. CO3.To develop a conceptual understanding on sampling CO4.To develop sufficient understanding on analytic procedures involved in water quality, soil analysis
IV	AN4E02Instrumental Methods Of Analysis	CO1.Get detailed idea on IR spectroscopic, Raman spectroscopic, Mass spectroscopic and NMR spectroscopic instrumentation. CO2.Study about research methodology and provide a foundation for doctoral programs in Chemistry. CO3.Study different surface study techniques, instrumentation and applications.
IV	AN4E03Modern Analytical Techniques	CO1.Understand potentiometry, polarography, amperometric and voltametric techniques CO2.To know more about Thermogravimetry(TG), Differential Thermal Analysis(DTA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC) and their instrumentation. CO3.Understand different chromatographic techniques and recent advances in Green Chemistry
IV	AN4P04Inorganic Chemistry Practical-2	CO1. Understand to separate and estimate metallic ions of simple binary mixtures. CO2. Know analysis of a few alloys and ores.
IV	AN4P05Organic Chemistry Practical-2	CO1. Understand quantitative analysis of milk, butter, oils, fats, starch, glucose, vitamins etc. CO2. Estimate the number of functional groups in organic compounds. CO3. Analyse FTIR, UV-Visible, 1H and 13C NMR spectra and predict the structure of unknown organic compound.C O4. Develop an elementary idea on microwave assisted Organic Synthesis.
IV	AN4P06Instrumental Analysis Practical	CO1. Develop skills for handling different instruments. CO2. Understand quantitative analytical techniques like nephelometry, chemical kinetics, polarimetry and refractometry. CO3. Know about different electroanalytical analytical techniques like polarography, potentiometry, conductometry and electrogravimetry

M. Sc. Botany

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

Knowledge and Understanding (Remembering and Understanding)
PSO1: Demonstrate comprehensive knowledge and understanding of fundamental and
advanced concepts in Botany, including plant anatomy, physiology, taxonomy, and ecology.
PSO2: Understand and describe the basic principles of biological sciences with special
reference to Botany and its applied branches such as agriculture, horticulture, and
biotechnology.
Application of Knowledge (Applying)
PSO3: Apply the principles and techniques learned in Botany to solve real-world problems in
agriculture, horticulture, floriculture, and environmental conservation.
PSO4: Utilize molecular, cellular, and nano-level understanding to investigate and address
complex biological questions and challenges.
Critical Thinking and Problem Solving (Analyzing and Evaluating)
PSO5: Analyze and interpret experimental data to draw valid conclusions and make informed
decisions in botanical research and applications.
PSO6: Critically evaluate scientific literature and research findings to identify gaps, propose
hypotheses, and design innovative experiments.
Research and Innovation (Creating)
PSO7: Design and conduct independent research projects in Botany, employing modern
techniques and methodologies to generate new knowledge and insights.
PSO8: Develop innovative solutions and strategies for conserving biodiversity and sustainable
management of plant resources.
Communication and Dissemination (Understanding and Creating)
PSO9: Effectively communicate scientific concepts, research findings, and their implications
to diverse audiences, including the scientific community, policymakers, and the general public.
PSO10: Promote awareness and understanding of biodiversity conservation and the importance
of plants in ecosystems through outreach and education activities.
Professional Competence and Ethics (Applying and Evaluating)

PSO11: Demonstrate professionalism, ethical behavior, and responsibility in all scientific
endeavors, adhering to the highest standards of scientific conduct.
PSO12: Equip students with the skills and knowledge required to excel in national and
international fields, including research, academia, industry, and environmental management.
These Programme Specific Outcomes ensure that graduates of the M.Sc. Botany programme
possess the necessary knowledge, skills, and competencies to excel in their professional careers
and contribute meaningfully to scientific research and societal development.

COURSE OUTCOMES

SEMESTER 1
BY010101: Microbiology and Phycology
Module 1: Introduction to Microbiology (2 hrs)
CO1: Describe major milestones in microbiology and the basics of microbial taxonomy and
phylogeny. (Remembering, Understanding)
CO2: Compare the Five Kingdom and Three Domain systems of classification. (Analyzing)
Module 2: Bacteria (7 hrs)

CO3: Identify and describe the morphology and ultrastructure of Gram-positive and Gram-
negative bacteria. (Understanding)

CO4: Classify bacteria up to the family level using Bergey’s manual. (Applying)
CO5: Explain characteristics of various bacterial groups, including extremophiles.
(Understanding)
CO6: Illustrate bacterial cell components and their functions. (Applying)
Module 3: Bacterial Systematics (4 hrs)
CO7: Perform bacterial identification using phenotypic characteristics and biochemical tests.
(Applying)
CO8: Explain molecular techniques for bacterial identification, including 16S rRNA
sequencing. (Understanding)
Module 4: Culture of Microorganisms (4 hrs)
CO9: Demonstrate sterilization techniques and methods for isolating pure cultures. (Applying)
CO10: Describe types of culture media and preservation techniques. (Understanding)
Module 5: Plant–Microbe Interactions (2 hrs)

CO11: Explain the role of endophytic bacteria and fungi in plant growth and secondary
metabolite production. (Understanding)
Module 6: Viruses (8 hrs)
CO12: Classify viruses based on properties, morphology, and genome types. (Understanding)
CO13: Describe the structure and replication cycles of bacteriophages. (Understanding)
CO14: Provide an account of sub-viral particles such as prions, viroids, and virusoids.
(Remembering)
Practical (9 hrs)
CO15: Prepare and sterilize microbial culture media and demonstrate inoculation techniques.
(Applying)
CO16: Perform differential and endospore staining of bacteria. (Applying)
CO17: Isolate Rhizobium from root nodules and microbes from soil. (Applying)
CO18: Conduct antibacterial assays using disc diffusion or agar well methods. (Applying)
PHYCOLOGY (45 hrs)
Module 2: General Features of Algae (27 hrs)
CO19: Describe the habit, habitat, and distribution of algae, and identify characteristics of
major algal groups. (Understanding)
CO20: Compare thallus structures and reproductive strategies of different algae. (Analyzing)
CO21: Explain the function of algal components such as cell walls, pigments, and
photosynthetic products. (Applying)
CO22: Describe life cycles in algae, focusing on Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae.
(Understanding)
CO23: Discuss the significance of algae in fossil records, especially in India. (Analyzing)
Module 3: Ecological and Economic Importance of Algae (9 hrs)
CO24: Analyze the ecological roles of algae, including primary productivity and symbiotic
associations. (Analyzing)
CO25: Evaluate the economic uses of algae in various industries and experimental studies.
(Evaluating)
CO26: Discuss chemically mediated interactions in microalgae and harmful effects of algal
blooms. (Understanding)
Module 4: Algal Biotechnology (5 hrs)
CO27: Demonstrate techniques for collecting, preserving, and staining algae, and explain algal
culture methods. (Applying)
CO28: Prepare and use algal culture media for research. (Creating)

Module 5: Introduction to Phycology (4 hrs)
CO29: Summarize the history of algal classification and contributions of key phycologists.
(Understanding)
CO30: Explain modern approaches to algal systematics, including gene sequencing.
(Understanding)
CO31: Identify major centers of algal research in India. (Remembering)
Practical (36 hrs)
CO32: Identify features of various algal genera based on morphology, anatomy, and
reproduction. (Applying)
CO33: Collect and identify algae from different habitats and prepare a field work report.
(Creating)
These Course Outcomes ensure students gain comprehensive knowledge and practical skills in
microbiology and phycology, preparing them for advanced studies and research in these fields.

BY010102 MYCOLOGY AND CROP PATHOLOGY
MYCOLOGY (36 hrs)
Module 1: General Introduction (2 hrs)
CO1: Describe the general characteristics and significance of fungi. (Remembering)
CO2: Explain the principles of fungal classification and the classifications by C.J. Alexopoulos
and Mims. (Understanding)
Module 2: Thallus Structure and Reproduction in Fungi (27 hrs)
CO3: Describe the mycelial structure and reproduction methods of various fungal groups.
(Remembering)
CO4: Compare the thallus structure and reproduction of Myxomycota, Mastigomycotina,
Zygomycotina, Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina, and Deuteromycotina. (Analyzing)
CO5: Identify different types of fungal fruiting bodies. (Remembering)
Module 3: Fungal Associations and Fungal Physiology (5 hrs)
CO6: Explain symbiotic relationships involving fungi, such as lichens, mycorrhiza, and
fungus-insect mutualism. (Understanding)
CO7: Describe common fungal parasites and their hosts, including plants, humans, insects, and
nematodes. (Remembering)
CO8: Discuss the agricultural significance of fungi, including their roles as mycoparasites and
mycoherbicides. (Understanding)

Module 4: Physiology of Fungi (2 hrs)
CO9: Explain fungal metabolic pathways and secondary metabolic pathways, including the
production of mycotoxins and antibiotics. (Understanding)
Practical (36 hrs)
CO10: Prepare micropreparations to critically study various types of fungi. (Applying)
CO11: Isolate fungi from soil and water using culture plate techniques. (Applying)
CO12: Stain and microscopically study mycorrhizal colonization in roots. (Applying)
CO13: Collect, identify, and document common field macro fungi/lichen. (Creating)
CROP PATHOLOGY (36 hrs)
Module 1: Introduction to Crop Pathology (2 hrs)
CO1: Classify plant diseases based on major causal agents and general symptoms.
(Remembering)
Module 2: Process of Infection and Pathogenesis (4 hrs)
CO2: Describe the methods of pathogen penetration and entry into host tissues.
(Understanding)
CO3: Explain host-parasite interactions, including the role of enzymes and toxins in
pathogenesis. (Understanding)
Module 3: Defense Mechanism in Plants (4 hrs)
CO4: Identify pre-existing and induced structural and biochemical defense mechanisms in
plants. (Remembering)
CO5: Explain how plants inactivate pathogen enzymes and toxins. (Understanding)
Module 4: Transmission of Plant Disease (3 hrs)
CO6: Describe the methods of disease transmission in plants via wind, water, seeds, and
vectors. (Understanding)
Module 5: Plant Disease Management (8 hrs)
CO7: Discuss methods of disease management, including exclusion, eradication, and
protection. (Understanding)
CO8: Evaluate chemical, biological, and biotechnological approaches to disease control.
(Evaluating)
Module 6: Major Diseases in Plants (15 hrs)
CO9: Identify major plant diseases, their symptoms, and causative organisms in cereals,
vegetables, fruits, spices, oil seeds, rubber, sugar, cash crops, and beverages. (Remembering)
CO10: Describe the impact of these diseases on crop yield and quality. (Understanding)
Practical (18 hrs)

CO11: Identify plant diseases with emphasis on symptoms and causative organisms using
herbarium/live specimens. (Applying)
CO12: Isolate pathogens from diseased tissues using blotter/culture methods. (Applying)
CO13: Collect and preserve specimens from infected plants, and prepare herbarium sheets/live
specimens with a report. (Creating)
CO14: Prepare and sterilize culture media such as PDA and Czapek dox’s medium. (Applying)
These Course Outcomes ensure students gain a comprehensive understanding of fungal biology
and pathology, preparing them for advanced studies and research in these fields.

BY010103: BRYOLOGY AND PTERIDOLOGY
BRYOLOGY (36 hrs)
Module 1: Introduction (4 hrs)
CO1: Describe the diversity in form, habit, and habitat of bryophytes. (Remembering)
CO2: Explain the origin and evolution of bryophytes, and trends in their classification.
(Understanding)
CO3: Discuss the contributions of Indian bryologists and the significance of fossil bryophytes.
(Understanding)
Module 2: Ecological Significance of Bryophytes (3 hrs)
CO4: Analyze the ecological roles of bryophytes, particularly in environmental monitoring.
(Analyzing)
CO5: Explain water relations, regeneration techniques, and symbiotic associations in
bryophytes. (Understanding)
Module 3: Economic Importance of Bryophytes (3 hrs)
CO6: Discuss the economic uses of bryophytes and their cultivation and conservation methods.
(Understanding)
CO7: Provide a brief description of in vitro culture techniques for bryophytes. (Understanding)
Module 4: General Characters and Thallus Organization (26 hrs)
CO8: Describe the general characteristics and thallus organization of bryophytes.
(Remembering)
CO9: Compare the sporophyte and gametophyte structures and their interrelationships across
different bryophyte orders. (Analyzing)
CO10: Explain spore dispersal mechanisms in bryophytes. (Understanding)
Practical (18 hrs)

CO11: Prepare and examine micropreparations of gametophytes and sporophytes from various
bryophyte genera. (Applying)
CO12: Conduct field trips to natural habitats, collect bryophytes, and document their diversity
in a report. (Applying, Creating)
PTERIDOLOGY (36 hrs)
Module 1: General Introduction (2 hrs)
CO1: Describe the general characteristics and origin of Pteridophytes. (Remembering)
Module 2: Classification and Evolution of Pteridophytes (9 hrs)
CO2: Explain the classification systems by Smith, Zimmermann, and the Pteridophyte
Phylogeny Group (PPG-2016). (Understanding)
CO3: Discuss the evolutionary concepts of Telome theory, stelar evolution, heterospory, and
seed habit in Pteridophytes. (Understanding)
Module 3: Structure of the Plant Body (20 hrs)
CO4: Describe the distribution, habitat, morphology, anatomy, and reproduction of various
Pteridophyte classes. (Remembering)
CO5: Compare the vegetative and reproductive structures of specific Pteridophyte genera.
(Analyzing)
Module 4: Developmental Studies in Pteridophytes (3 hrs)
CO6: Explain the development of sporangium, spore dispersal mechanisms, and the
phenomena of apogamy and apospory. (Understanding)
Module 5: Ecological and Economic Importance (2 hrs)
CO7: Discuss the ecological roles of Pteridophytes in various ecosystems and their economic
significance. (Understanding)
CO8: Explain the use of Pteridophytes in pollution control, biofertilization, and
phytoremediation. (Applying)
Practical (36 hrs)
CO9: Study the morphology and anatomy of vegetative and reproductive organs of selected
Pteridophyte genera using clear whole mounts/sections. (Applying)
CO10: Examine fossil Pteridophytes with the help of specimens and permanent slides.
(Applying)
CO11: Conduct field trips to study the diversity of Pteridophytes in natural habitats and prepare
a report. (Creating)

These Course Outcomes ensure that students gain comprehensive knowledge and practical
skills in Bryology, and Pteridology, preparing them for advanced studies and research in these
fields.
BY010104: GYMNOSPERMS, PALAEOBOTANY AND EVOLUTION
GYMNOSPERMS (27 hrs)
Module 1: Introduction (3 hrs)
CO1: Describe the general characteristics, distribution, and classification of gymnosperms
according to K.R. Sporne. (Remembering)
CO2: Summarize the classification by Christenhusz et al. (2011) and discuss the distribution
of living gymnosperms in India. (Understanding)
Module 2: Vegetative and Reproductive Structures of Gymnosperms (20 hrs)
CO3: Describe the vegetative morphology, internal structure, and reproductive structures of
Cycadopsida, Coniferopsida, and Gnetopsida. (Remembering)
CO4: Compare the evolutionary aspects and structural diversity of different gymnosperm
families. (Analyzing)
CO5: Explain the range of form and structure of female cones in Coniferales with reference to
Pinus, Cupressus, Podocarpus, Agathis, Araucaria, Taxus, and Ginkgo. (Understanding)
Module 3: Gametophyte Development of Gymnosperms (2 hrs)
CO6: Describe the development of male and female gametophytes in Cycas and compare the
male gametophytes of living Coniferales. (Understanding)
Module 4: Economic Importance of Gymnosperms (2 hrs)
CO7: Discuss the economic importance of gymnosperms, focusing on their uses in various
industries and the pharmacological significance of Ginkgo. (Understanding)
Practical (27 hrs)
CO8: Study the morphology and anatomy of vegetative and reproductive parts of Cycas,
Zamia, Pinus, Cupressus, Agathis, Araucaria, Podocarpus, and Gnetum. (Applying)
CO9: Examine fossil gymnosperms through specimens and permanent slides. (Applying)
CO10: Conduct field trips to identify various gymnosperms in nature and submit a report on
Indian gymnosperms. (Creating)
PALEOBOTANY (Theory: 9 hrs; Practical: 9 hrs)
Module 1: Introduction (1 hr)
CO1: Describe the evolutionary time scale, including eras, periods, and epochs with a focus on
the Meghalayan, Northgrippian, and Greenlandian ages. (Remembering)
Module 2: Fossils (3 hrs)

CO2: Define fossils, describe their types, and explain the modes of fossilization and their
importance. (Understanding)
CO3: Summarize the stages in primate evolution, including Homo. (Understanding)
Module 3: Techniques and Preservation (3 hrs)
CO4: Explain techniques in paleontology, including the collection and preparation of mega and
micro-fossils, nanofossils, and ichnofossils. (Understanding)
CO5: Describe methods of plant-fossil studies, including preservation, preparation, and age
determination using carbon dating. (Understanding)
Module 4: Nomenclature and Applied Aspects (2 hrs)
CO6: Discuss the systematic reconstruction and nomenclature of fossil records, with a focus
on fossil records from India. (Understanding)
CO7: Explain the applied aspects of paleobotany in various scientific fields. (Understanding)
Practical (9 hrs)
CO8: Study fossil specimens and prepare illustrations and binomial nomenclature for fossil
identification. (Applying)
CO9: Conduct field trips to collect plant fossils and prepare a report on the findings. (Creating)
EVOLUTION (Theory: 18 hrs)
Module 1: Introduction (3 hrs)
CO1: Describe the evolution of biomes, including climatic zonations and intercontinental
connections. (Remembering)
CO2: Explain phylogeny, age of biomes, and the processes of biome extension and
resurrection. (Understanding)
Module 2: Evidences for Evolution (2 hrs)
CO3: Discuss various evidences for evolution, including morphology, comparative anatomy,
embryology, physiology, biochemistry, paleontology, and biogeography. (Understanding)
CO4: Differentiate between micro and macro-evolution, and explain the concept of punctuated
equilibrium. (Analyzing)
Module 3: Natural Selection (3 hrs)
CO5: Explain the principles of natural selection and adaptation, including limiting factors,
origin of races and species, kin selection, and Hamilton’s Rule. (Understanding)
CO6: Discuss the rate of evolutionary change and the significance of genetic drift in natural
selection. (Understanding)
Module 4: Mutation as an Evolutionary Force (3 hrs)

CO7: Explain the role of mutations in genetic divergence and evolutionary processes.
(Understanding)
CO8: Discuss genetic assimilation, genetic homoeostasis, and the significance of mutations in
natural selection. (Understanding)
CO9: Explain concepts of eugenics and euthenics. (Understanding)
Module 5: Speciation (3 hrs)
CO10: Define and compare different species concepts, including morphological, biological,
and evolutionary species. (Understanding)
CO11: Explain modes and types of speciation, including allopatric, sympatric, and parapatric
speciation, and discuss reproductive isolation mechanisms. (Understanding)
Module 6: Co-evolution (2 hrs)
CO12: Describe symbiosis and plant-animal co-evolution, including mutualism,
commensalism, and protective coloration. (Understanding)
CO13: Explain mimicry, including Batesian and Mullerian mimicry, and the use of molecular
tools in phylogeny. (Understanding)
These Course Outcomes ensure that students gain comprehensive knowledge and practical
skills in Gymnosperms, Paleobotany, and Evolution, preparing them for advanced studies and
research in these fields.

SEMESTER 2
BY010201: PLANT ANATOMY, DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY AND
HORTICULTURE
PLANT ANATOMY (Theory: 36 Hrs; Practical: 27 Hrs)
Module 1: Introduction (1 hr)
CO1: Describe the scope and significance of plant anatomy and its role in phylogeny.
(Remembering)
Module 2: Meristem (4 hrs)
CO2: Explain the stages of development of primary meristem and theories of apical
organization (shoot and root). (Understanding)
CO3: Describe the origin of branches and the role of the Primary Thickening Meristem (PTM)
in monocots. (Understanding)
CO4: Identify and explain the structure and distribution of various secretory tissues in plants,
such as trichomes, salt glands, nectaries, resin ducts, and laticifers. (Remembering,
Understanding)

Module 3: Secondary Structure (16 hrs)
CO5: Describe the structure and functions of mechanical tissues in plants. (Remembering)
CO6: Explain the structure and functions of vascular cambium and cork cambium, and the
factors affecting cambial activity. (Understanding)
CO7: Discuss the ontogeny, structure, components, and functions of secondary xylem and
secondary phloem. (Understanding)
CO8: Explain the concepts of stelar and extra stelar thickening, reaction wood,
dendrochronology, and anomalous secondary growth in dicots and monocots. (Understanding)
CO9: Describe the structure and commercial importance of plant fibers such as coir, jute, and
cotton. (Remembering)
Module 4: Leaf and Node (4 hrs)
CO10: Explain the ontogeny and structure of leaves, and classify stomata and trichomes.
(Understanding)
CO11: Describe the process of leaf abscission and the types of nodal anatomy. (Remembering,
Understanding)
Module 5: Reproductive Anatomy (8 hrs)
CO12: Describe the anatomy of floral parts and the vascular anatomy of flowers.
(Remembering)
CO13: Explain the development of epigynous ovaries and the role of floral anatomy in
taxonomy. (Understanding)
CO14: Describe the anatomy of fruits and seeds, and the mechanisms of fruit dehiscence.
(Remembering)
Module 6: Applied Anatomy (3 hrs)
CO15: Discuss research prospects in plant anatomy and its applications in systematics and
pharmacognosy. (Understanding)
Practical (27 Hrs)
CO16: Study and identify anomalous primary and secondary features in selected plant
specimens. (Applying)
CO17: Analyze stomatal types and determine the stomatal index. (Analyzing)
CO18: Study and classify nodal patterns in plants. (Applying)
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (Theory: 18 Hrs; Practical: 9 Hrs)
Module 1: History and Basic Concepts of Development (5 hrs)
CO1: Describe the stages of development in animals, including zygote, blastula, gastrula, and
neurula. (Remembering)

CO2: Explain the concepts of cell fate, potency, differential gene expression, and embryonic
stem cells. (Understanding)
CO3: Discuss mechanisms of differentiation, pattern formation, and morphogenetic
movements. (Understanding)
CO4: Provide an overview of model organisms in developmental biology, with a brief account
of Arabidopsis. (Understanding)
Module 2: Overview of Plant Development (9 hrs)
CO5: Describe the angiosperm life cycle and the processes of microsporogenesis,
microgametogenesis, and megagametogenesis. (Remembering)
CO6: Explain pollination, pollen germination, pollen tube growth, and the types and
development of embryosacs. (Understanding)
CO7: Discuss double fertilization, embryo development, endosperm development, and seed
formation. (Understanding)
CO8: Explain polyembryony, apomixis, and parthenogenesis in plants. (Understanding)
Module 3: Morphogenesis and Organogenesis in Plants (4 hrs)
CO9: Describe organogenesis in plants, including the transition to flowering and the role of
floral meristems and homeotic genes. (Remembering)
Practical (9 hrs)
CO10: Excise embryos from young seeds and identify different types of ovules, embryos,
endosperm, pollen grains, and anther growth stages. (Applying)
HORTICULTURE (Theory: 18 Hrs; Practical: 9 Hrs)
Module 1: Introduction (2 hrs)
CO1: Define horticulture and describe its nature, scope, and objectives. (Remembering)
Module 2: Principles of Horticulture (4 hrs)
CO2: Explain the principles of landscape gardening and different types of gardens, including
ornamental, indoor, vertical, and rooftop gardens. (Understanding)
CO3: Discuss various propagation methods such as layering, budding, grafting, and
micropropagation, along with their merits and demerits. (Understanding)
Module 3: Horticulture Applications (6 hrs)
CO4: Describe composting methods, including aerobic, anaerobic, and vermicomposting, and
the use of mist chambers, greenhouses, and glasshouses. (Understanding)
CO5: Discuss the effects of pollution on indoor plants and the commercial products of
horticulture. (Understanding)

CO6: Explain the concepts of olericulture, home and market gardening, truck farming, and seed
production. (Understanding)
Module 4: Floriculture (3 hrs)
CO7: Define floriculture and describe its nature, scope, and future prospects. (Remembering)
CO8: Discuss the production of cut flowers, cultivation of orchids, foliage potted plants, and
bedding plants. (Understanding)
Module 5: Modern Trends in Horticulture (3 hrs)
CO9: Explain the techniques of bonsai preparation, terrarium making, aquaponics, and
arboriculture. (Understanding)
CO10: Discuss the components of high-tech farming and their applications. (Understanding)
Practical (9 Hrs)
CO11: Identify garden components from photographs and demonstrate the preparation of a
terrarium. (Applying)
CO12: Perform propagation methods such as layering and grafting. (Applying)
These Course Outcomes ensure that students gain comprehensive knowledge and practical
skills in Plant Anatomy, Developmental Biology, and Horticulture, preparing them for
advanced studies and research in these fields

BY010202: CELL BIOLOGY, GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING
Cell Biology (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Explain the structural organization of plant cells, including the plasma membrane,
organelles like mitochondria, chloroplasts, and the endomembrane system. (Bloom’s:
Understand)
CO2: Describe the dynamic properties of the plasma membrane and mechanisms of transport
via the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO3: Illustrate the organization of chromatin and chromosomes, including molecular structures
of centromeres and telomeres, and distinguish between heterochromatin and euchromatin.
(Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO4: Summarize the principles of cell signaling, detailing the roles of different receptors and
signal transduction pathways. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO5: Evaluate cell interaction mechanisms, focusing on the extracellular matrix and cell
adhesion molecules. (Bloom’s: Evaluate, Apply)

CO6: Describe the cytoskeleton’s role in cellular functions and detail the structure, regulation,
and function of actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. (Bloom’s:
Understand, Apply)
CO7: Analyze the cell cycle phases, including mechanisms of mitosis and meiosis, and explain
the regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
CO8: Identify stages of mitosis and meiosis through microscopic examination of plant material
and calculate mitotic indices. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Genetics (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Outline the development of Mendelian genetics and its extensions, and describe the
importance of model organisms in genetics research. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Discuss the mechanisms of linkage, crossing over, and chromosome mapping, including
cytoplasmic inheritance and multiple alleles. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO3: Explain the genetic basis of human traits and disorders through pedigree analysis, and
describe genetic pathways leading to cancer. (Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO4: Classify mutations and evaluate their effects on DNA structure. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
CO5: Apply concepts of population genetics, including Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and
factors affecting gene frequency, to solve related genetic problems. (Bloom’s: Apply, Analyze)
CO6: Solve practical genetics problems related to linkage, pedigree analysis, and inheritance
patterns. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Plant Breeding (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Describe the objectives, achievements, and historical background of plant breeding,
including the domestication and origin of cultivated plants. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Explain the role and methods of hybridization, including compatibility issues and the use
of male sterility in plant breeding. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO3: Discuss idiotype breeding and its applications in developing crop varieties suited to
specific environments. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO4: Evaluate breeding strategies for biotic and abiotic stresses and detail the methods used
in breeding for disease resistance. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
CO5: Assess the role of mutations in crop improvement and describe the techniques and
limitations of mutation breeding. (Bloom’s: Evaluate, Analyze)

CO6: Familiarize with modern breeding methods including tissue culture and DNA marker-
assisted selection through visits to plant breeding stations and report on the findings. (Bloom’s:

Apply)

BY010203: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Plant Physiology (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Explain the mechanisms of water and solute transport within plants, including the roles
of aquaporins, membrane channels, and active transport systems. (Bloom’s: Understand,
Apply)
CO2: Describe the process of photosynthesis from light absorption to photoassimilate
transport, covering the roles of light harvesting complexes, electron transport, and the Calvin
cycle. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO3: Summarize respiratory processes in plants, detailing the electron transport chain and ATP
synthesis, and comparing mitochondrial and chloroplast ATP synthesis. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO4: Analyze nitrogen metabolism in plants, including nitrogen fixation, nodule formation,
and the assimilation of nitrate and ammonium. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
CO5: Evaluate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress, including stress sensing,
acclimation, and adaptation mechanisms. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
CO6: Explain the function and mechanism of action of plant photoreceptors and their role in
processes like photoperiodism and floral induction. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO7: Describe the physiological effects and mechanisms of action of plant growth regulators
and their role in growth regulation. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO8: Perform experiments such as the Hill reaction, estimation of proline and phenols,
determination of peroxidase activity, and chromatographic techniques to study plant
physiology. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Biochemistry (Theory and Practical)

CO1: Understand the properties of acids, bases, and buffers, and apply the Henderson-
Hasselbalch equation to prepare and analyze buffer solutions. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)

CO2: Describe the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, including their
roles in cellular structures and metabolic processes. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO3: Analyze enzyme kinetics and regulation, understanding factors affecting enzyme activity
and the significance of enzyme inhibitors, coenzymes, and cofactors. (Bloom’s: Analyze,
Apply)
CO4: Classify and explain the biosynthesis and functions of secondary metabolites like
terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolics. (Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)
CO5: Conduct biochemical experiments to quantify proteins and sugars, and separate amino
acids using chromatography techniques. (Bloom’s: Apply)

These outcomes ensure that students will acquire a detailed theoretical understanding and
practical skills in plant physiology and biochemistry, essential for further study and
professional applications in plant sciences.

BY010204: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Molecular Biology
CO1: Describe the molecular structure of DNA and RNA, including alternative conformations
and supercoiling, and illustrate the diversity and functional roles of various types of RNA.
(Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO2: Explain genome organization across different organisms, focusing on the structure and
gene content of organellar genomes and the peculiarities of eukaryotic nuclear genomes, such
as repetitive DNA. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO3: Summarize the mechanisms of DNA and RNA replication, emphasizing the roles of
enzymes and proteins in the initiation, elongation, and termination phases. (Bloom’s:
Understand, Apply)
CO4: Analyze gene expression processes, from transcription to translation, covering
mechanisms in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and detailing post-transcriptional
modifications and mRNA processing. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
CO5: Evaluate the mechanisms of gene expression control, including transcriptional regulation
in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and the post-transcriptional control mechanisms like RNA
stability and small RNA-mediated control. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
CO6: Describe the molecular mechanisms of homologous and nonhomologous recombination,
site-specific recombination, and transposition. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO7: Explain the principles of epigenetic inheritance, including mechanisms like genomic
imprinting, cytosine methylation, and histone modification. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO8: Illustrate DNA repair mechanisms, such as mismatch repair, excision repair, and the SOS
response, and their significance in maintaining genome integrity. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO9: Solve problems related to DNA structure, replication, gene expression, and genetic code
to reinforce theoretical knowledge through practical application. (Bloom’s: Apply)
These outcomes ensure that students acquire a comprehensive understanding of the molecular
mechanisms governing genetic information from its replication and expression to its
inheritance and repair, preparing them for advanced studies or careers in molecular biology and
genetics.

SEMESTER 3
BY010301: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, MICROTECHNIQUE, BIOSTATISTICS

AND BIOPHYSICAL INSTRUMENTATION

Research Methodology (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Understand the need for research, different types of research, stages of research, and
articulate the importance of research ethics and intellectual property rights. (Bloom’s:
Understand)
CO2: Utilize scientific libraries effectively, understanding the structure, types of catalogues,
journal indexing, and the use of citation management tools. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO3: Develop comprehensive project proposals and dissertations, incorporating proper
structure and adherence to scientific writing standards. (Bloom’s: Create)
CO4: Prepare and present research findings effectively using statistical analysis software and
understand the process of publishing in scientific journals. (Bloom’s: Apply, Create)
CO5: Visit scientific libraries or documentation centers, prepare research papers, and manage
bibliographies using modern tools like Mendeley or EndNote. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Microtechnique (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Describe the principles and techniques of preparing biological specimens, including
killing, fixing, dehydration, clearing, embedding, and sectioning. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Apply staining techniques to enhance the visibility of cellular structures and perform
histochemical localizations of starch, lipid, and lignin. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO3: Prepare various types of mounts and slides, understanding the significance and
techniques of whole mounts and the use of different mounting media. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO4: Master the preparation of permanent and semi-permanent slides, including techniques
like maceration, dehydration series, and paraffin block preparation. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Biostatistics (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Apply basic statistical principles, measures of central tendency, and dispersion in the
analysis of biological data. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO2: Understand and apply probability concepts, correlation, regression, and various
experimental designs in biological research. (Bloom’s: Apply, Analyze)
CO3: Conduct statistical tests of significance such as t-tests, chi-square tests, and ANOVA to
interpret experimental data. (Bloom’s: Apply, Analyze)
CO4: Analyze data for correlation and regression, and test statistical significance using
appropriate software tools. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Biophysical Instrumentation (Theory and Practical)

CO1: Describe the principles and applications of various types of microscopes, including
electron microscopy, and understand the basics of micrometry. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Operate and calibrate key laboratory instruments such as pH meters, spectrophotometers,
and centrifuges. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO3: Apply principles of chromatography and electrophoresis for the separation and analysis
of biological molecules. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO4: Understand and utilize different spectroscopy techniques for the analysis of chemical and
biological substances. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO5: Calibrate and use instruments to measure various parameters such as pH and perform
micrometry on biological samples. (Bloom’s: Apply)
These course outcomes ensure that students are well-equipped with the necessary skills and
knowledge to conduct rigorous research, prepare scientific documentation, and proficiently use
biophysical instrumentation and statistical analysis in their future academic or professional
endeavors.

BY010302: BIOTECHNOLOGY, BIOINFORMATICS AND BIONANOTECHNOLOGY
Biotechnology (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Understand and apply the principles of bioprocess technology, including bioreactor
design, operation types, and commercial production of metabolites through microbial
biotechnology. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO2: Describe techniques and applications of plant tissue culture, including the preparation of
culture media, sterilization techniques, and micropropagation methods. (Bloom’s: Understand,
Apply)
CO3: Illustrate the steps involved in genetic engineering, from gene cloning to plant
transformation, and discuss the applications of these techniques in agriculture, medicine, and
genetic studies. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO4: Analyze the principles of genome editing and its applications in modifying genetic
material for specific traits. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
CO5: Utilize advanced biotechnological tools and techniques such as PCR, DNA sequencing,
and blotting techniques, understanding their applications in research and diagnostics. (Bloom’s:
Apply)
CO6: Assess societal concerns related to biotechnology, including the environmental and health
impacts of GMOs and ethical issues surrounding modern biotechnological advancements.
(Bloom’s: Evaluate)

Bioinformatics (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Utilize bioinformatics tools for database searching, sequence alignment, and
phylogenetic analysis, applying algorithms like BLAST and FASTA. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO2: Understand and predict molecular structures using bioinformatics tools, and comprehend
the significance of molecular phylogeny in evolutionary biology. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
CO3: Employ structural bioinformatics approaches for protein structure prediction and
molecular docking to understand biomolecular interactions. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Bionanotechnology (Theory and Practical)
CO1: Describe the fundamental concepts of bionanotechnology, including the synthesis and
properties of nanoparticles using biological methods. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Evaluate the applications and potential impacts of nanoparticles in agriculture, medicine,
and the environment, understanding their effects on gene expression and plant development.
(Bloom’s: Evaluate)
Practical Skills
CO1: Perform laboratory techniques in biotechnology such as enzyme production, medium
preparation, and tissue culture processes. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO2: Conduct genetic experiments including DNA isolation, gel electrophoresis, and the use
of bioinformatics tools for sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree construction. (Bloom’s:
Apply)
CO3: Explore molecular docking techniques and create phylogenetic trees to analyze
evolutionary relationships among species. (Bloom’s: Apply)
These course outcomes ensure that students are equipped with a comprehensive skill set in
biotechnology, bioinformatics, and bionanotechnology, preparing them for advanced research
or professional work in these interdisciplinary fields.

BY010303: ANGIOSPERM TAXONOMY, ECONOMIC BOTANYAND

ETHNOBOTANY

Module 1: Introduction
CO1: Understand the significance of taxonomy and articulate the conceptual bases of major
classification systems including those of Linnaeus, Bentham & Hooker, Engler & Prantl,
Bessey, and APG. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 2: Units of Classification and Phylogeny of Angiosperms 2. CO2: Explain the
taxonomic hierarchy and differentiate between taxonomic, biological, and phylogenetic species
concepts. (Bloom’s: Understand, Analyze)

CO3: Discuss phylogenetic relationships among angiosperms using terms like homology,
analogy, and phylogenetic trees. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO4: Evaluate the methodologies of numerical taxonomy and cladistics in the study of
phylogeny. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
Module 3: Data Sources of Taxonomy 5. CO5: Identify various sources of taxonomic characters
including anatomical, cytological, phytochemical, and molecular data. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 4: Methodology of Identification of Plants 6. CO6: Use floras and keys for the
identification of plants and discuss important regional floras like the Flora of British India and
Hortus Malabaricus. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO7: Describe the process of preparing indented and bracketed keys and familiarize with
technical terms associated with plant morphology. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Module 5: Tools of Taxonomy 8. CO8: Conduct field studies and herbarium preparation; utilize
virtual herbarium resources and understand the role of botanical literature in taxonomy.
(Bloom’s: Apply)
Module 6: Botanical Nomenclature 9. CO9: Understand the history, aims, and major provisions
of the International Code of Nomenclature (ICN), focusing on rules of typification, author
citation, and priority. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 7: Study of Angiosperm Diversity 10. CO10: Analyze the morphological diversity and
economic importance of major angiosperm families in tropical flora as per Bentham and
Hooker’s system. (Bloom’s: Analyze, Apply)
Module 8: Economic Botany 11. CO11: Evaluate the economic importance of various crops
and plants such as cereals, pulses, fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants in Kerala. (Bloom’s:
Evaluate)
Module 9: Ethnobotany 12. CO12: Investigate the relationship between indigenous people and
plants, understanding the uses of plants in traditional practices and medicine. (Bloom’s:
Evaluate)
Practicals 13. CO13: Identify and sketch local plant species, prepare herbarium specimens, and
use software to create dendrograms, enhancing practical taxonomy skills. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO14: Conduct field tours to study angiosperm diversity, collecting specimens from diverse
habitats and visiting botanical institutions to integrate field and academic knowledge. (Bloom’s:
Apply)
CO15: Solve nomenclatural problems using the ICN, focusing on issues related to priority and
author citations, and familiarize with morphological terms from live specimens. (Bloom’s:
Apply)

These outcomes ensure that students are prepared with both theoretical knowledge and
practical skills in angiosperm taxonomy, capable of conducting independent research and
contributing to botanical sciences.

BY010304: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

Module 1: Introduction to Ecological Science
CO1: Understand the definition, history, and scope of ecology, appreciating its interdisciplinary
nature within environmental sciences. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 2: Autecological Concepts – Population Ecology 2. CO2: Analyze population
characteristics such as size, density, dispersion, and age structures, and discuss their impacts
on population dynamics. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
CO3: Evaluate factors affecting population growth including environmental resistance, biotic
potential, and carrying capacity. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
CO4: Explain genecological concepts such as ecological amplitude and the differentiation of
ecotypes and ecospecies. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 3: Synecological Concepts – Community Ecology 5. CO5: Describe the formation of
biological communities, community classification systems, and processes like ecotone and
edge effects. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO6: Apply quantitative measures such as Sorenson’s Index to analyze community similarity
and diversity. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Module 4: Dynamic Ecology – Ecological Succession 7. CO7: Understand the concepts and
classifications of ecological succession, including the roles of autogenic and allogenic changes.
(Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 5: Biosphere and Ecosystem 8. CO8: Discuss the significance of ecological concepts
such as biodiversity, niches, trophic levels, and energy flow within ecosystems. (Bloom’s:
Understand)
CO9: Compare major tropical ecosystems with an emphasis on conservation and management
practices, particularly for tropical coastal ecosystems. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
Module 6: Phytogeography 10. CO10: Explain the principles governing plant distribution, the
impact of climatic zones on vegetation, and the use of remote sensing in ecological studies.
(Bloom’s: Understand)

Module 7: Environmental Pollution 11. CO11: Classify different types of environmental
pollution, understand their sources and impacts, and describe methods for their management
and control. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
Module 8: Environmental Biotechnology and Solid Waste Management 12. CO12: Discuss the
role of biotechnological approaches such as bioremediation and phytoremediation in waste
management. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 9: Global Environmental Problems and Climate Change 13. CO13: Analyze the effects
of global environmental issues like global warming, ozone depletion, and climate change on
biodiversity and ecosystems. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
CO14: Discuss the relevance of environmental laws, monitoring, and disaster management in
mitigating environmental challenges. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 10: Biodiversity and its Conservation 15. CO15: Evaluate biodiversity conservation
strategies, discussing the roles of ex-situ and in-situ conservation techniques and the impact of
biotechnology. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
Practical (27 hrs) 16. CO16: Conduct water quality analysis, soil physico-chemical analysis,
and community analysis to understand ecological relationships and environmental impacts.
(Bloom’s: Apply)
CO17: Perform field studies to identify trophic levels, food webs, and community dynamics in
natural ecosystems, synthesizing findings in detailed reports. (Bloom’s: Apply)
These outcomes ensure students are equipped with theoretical knowledge and practical skills
essential for understanding ecological processes and managing environmental challenges
effectively.

SEMESTER 4
BY810401: FOOD, AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
Food Microbiology (35 hrs)
Module 1: Introduction
CO1: Understand the scope of food microbiology, including the role of microorganisms in food
systems and factors influencing microbial growth. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 2: Food Spoilage and Detection 2. CO2: Identify the causes and mechanisms of food
spoilage, and apply methods to detect spoilage in various food types. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Module 3: Food Preservation 3. CO3: Explain principles of food preservation techniques and
discuss the use of chemical and biological preservatives. (Bloom’s: Understand)

Module 4: Microbiology of Fermented Food 4. CO4: Describe the production and biochemical
processes of various fermented foods and discuss the role of starter cultures. (Bloom’s:
Understand)
Module 5: Foodborne Diseases 5. CO5: Identify common foodborne pathogens and diseases,
and understand the impact of microbial toxins on health. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 6: Food Quality 6. CO6: Evaluate factors affecting food quality and discuss food safety
regulations and quality control measures. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
Agricultural Microbiology (20 hrs)
Module 1: Microbes as Biofertilizers 7. CO7: Understand the role of various microbes in
biofertilization and their application in sustainable agriculture. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 2: Microbes as Biopesticides 8. CO8: Discuss the use of microbial agents in pest
control and their integration into crop management strategies. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 3: Enrichment of Soil Micro Flora 9. CO9: Analyze practices in sustainable agriculture
and organic farming that promote beneficial microbial activity in the soil. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
Environmental Microbiology (35 hrs)
Module 1: Microbial Diversity 10. CO10: Explore microbial diversity in various ecosystems,
including extreme environments, and their ecological adaptations. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 2: Methods in Microbiology 11. CO11: Apply microbiological methods for isolating,
cultivating, and identifying microbes from environmental samples. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Module 3: Soil and Aquatic Microbiology 12. CO12: Examine the role of microbes in soil and
aquatic environments and their involvement in water treatment processes. (Bloom’s:
Understand)
Module 4: Microbes and Environment 13. CO13: Understand the microbial contributions to
biogeochemical cycles and their role in environmental pollution mitigation. (Bloom’s:
Understand)
Module 5: Microbial Technology 14. CO14: Discuss the applications of microbial technology
in bioremediation and the utilization of genetically modified microbes for environmental
enhancement. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Practical Components (72 hrs) 15. CO15: Conduct microbiological examinations of food,
including isolation and enumeration of microorganisms from various food samples. (Bloom’s:
Apply)
CO16: Perform environmental and soil microbiological analyses, applying techniques to assess
the microbial impact on ecosystem health. (Bloom’s: Apply)

These course outcomes are designed to equip students with a comprehensive understanding
and practical skills in food, agricultural, and environmental microbiology, preparing them for
professional roles in industry, research, or further academic pursuits.

BY810402: CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
Module 1: Immunology (20 hrs)
CO1: Understand the structure and function of the immune system, including the development
and roles of B-cells, T-cells, and other immune cells. (Bloom’s: Understand)
CO2: Describe the clinical applications of stem cells and the anatomical organization of
primary and secondary lymphoid organs. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 2: Antigens and Antibodies (8 hrs) 3. CO3: Explain the structure and classes of
immunoglobulins, and discuss the generation and clinical uses of monoclonal and genetically
engineered antibodies. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
Module 3: Antigen-Antibody Reactions (8 hrs) 4. CO4: Analyze various antigen-antibody
reactions including agglutination, ELISA, and immunoblotting, and their applications in
diagnostics. (Bloom’s: Analyze)
Module 4: Immune Disorders and Therapy (8 hrs) 5. CO5: Discuss common immune disorders
and therapeutic approaches including interferons, vaccines, and strategies to manage
autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
Module 5: Diagnosis of Microbial Diseases (12 hrs) 6. CO6: Describe the methods for the
collection, transport, and preliminary processing of clinical pathogens for diagnosis using
clinical, microbiological, immunological, and molecular techniques. (Bloom’s: Understand,
Apply)
Module 6: Viral Diseases (16 hrs) 7. CO7: Discuss the epidemiology, isolation, detection, and
control strategies for viral diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B and C, and Ebola, including the
role of antiviral drugs. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
Module 7: Bacterial Diseases (16 hrs) 8. CO8: Evaluate the epidemiology, pathogenic
mechanisms, and treatment options for bacterial diseases like typhoid and meningitis, including
the issue of antibiotic resistance. (Bloom’s: Evaluate)
Module 8: Fungal and Protozoan Diseases in Humans (2 hrs) 9. CO9: Identify the epidemiology
of common fungal and protozoan diseases, such as malaria and candidiasis, and their impact
on human health. (Bloom’s: Understand)

Practical (54 hrs) 10. CO10: Perform microbiological techniques for the isolation,
identification, and antibiotic sensitivity testing of pathogens from clinical samples. (Bloom’s:
Apply)
CO11: Execute immunological assays such as Ouchterlony double diffusion and various
bacterial staining techniques, including Gram staining and spore staining. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO12: Conduct blood grouping and other diagnostic tests essential for understanding and
identifying microbial and immunological properties in clinical specimens. (Bloom’s: Apply)
These course outcomes ensure that students are equipped with a comprehensive understanding
and practical skills necessary for careers in healthcare, research, and public health sectors,
focusing on immunology, microbial diseases, and epidemiological studies.

BY810403: INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY
Module 1: Introduction to Industrial Microbiology
CO1: Understand the historical development of industrial microbiology and characterize the
sources and traits of microbes used in industrial applications. (Bloom’s: Understand)
Module 2: Isolation, Selection, and Maintenance of Microbial Strains 2. CO2: Master
techniques for the isolation and screening of industrially significant microorganisms and learn
methods for preserving microbial strains. (Bloom’s: Apply)
Module 3: Types of Fermentation 3. CO3: Describe various types of fermentation processes
and understand the components and challenges involved in industrial fermentation. (Bloom’s:
Understand)
Module 4: Bioreactors 4. CO4: Explain the design, construction, and operation of different
types of bioreactors, including the control and monitoring of fermentation processes. (Bloom’s:
Understand, Apply)
Module 5: Fermentation Process 5. CO5: Detail the steps involved in the fermentation process
including sterilization, inoculation, and process parameter optimization, with an emphasis on
scale-up practices. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
Module 6: Downstream Processing 6. CO6: Apply methods for the separation, disruption, and
purification of microbial cells and their products in the context of industrial biotechnology.
(Bloom’s: Apply)
Module 7: Production of Industrially Important Products 7. CO7: Describe the production
processes and applications of key industrial products such as antibiotics, enzymes, organic
acids, biofuels, and biopolymers. (Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)

Module 8: Immobilization of Cells and Enzymes 8. CO8: Understand methods for the
immobilization of cells and enzymes and explore their applications in industrial processes.
(Bloom’s: Understand, Apply)
Practical (54 hrs) 9. CO9: Perform laboratory techniques for the screening, isolation, and
maintenance of microbial strains suitable for production of enzymes and organic acids.
(Bloom’s: Apply)
CO10: Execute solid-state and submerged fermentation experiments to produce and quantify
industrial enzymes. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO11: Optimize process parameters for microbial production systems and conduct partial
purification of fermentation products. (Bloom’s: Apply)
CO12: Produce and analyze metabolites such as wine and vinegar in lab settings, and utilize
immobilized yeast cells for fermentation. (Bloom’s: Apply)
These outcomes ensure that students gain comprehensive theoretical knowledge and practical
skills in the field of industrial microbiology, preparing them for careers in biotechnology,
pharmaceuticals, food and beverage industries, and environmental biotechnology.

M. Sc. Zoology

FIRST SEMESTER COURSES

ZL010101 ANIMAL DIVERSITY:PHYLOGENETIC AND TAXONOMIC APPROACHES

Course Outcome • To understand the phylogenetic relationships among the different groups of animals • To provide the latest trend in animal taxonomy and phylogenetic systematics

ZL010102 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY AND ETHOLOGY

Course Outcome • To describe the concept of relatedness and its connection to biological evolution • To apply knowledge to new information and data, as well as the capacity to effectively communicate the principles of evolution and its application to human biology. • To expose students to the basics and advances in ethology, and generate an interest in the subject in order to understand the complexities of studying animal behavior on every level of the biological hierarchy

ZL010103 BIOCHEMISTRY

Course Outcome • To understand the chemical nature of life and life process • To provide an idea on structure and functioning of biologically important molecules • To generate an interest in the subject and help students explore the new developments in Biochemistry. • To understand the importance of metabolism of bio macromolecules in normal physiology of a man • To understand the abnormal metabolism of biomolecules and the resultant diseases.

ZL010104 BIOSTATISTICS AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Course Outcome • To impart concepts of statistics and research methodology, and create awareness about the gadgets, tools and accessories of biological research • To help students improve analytical and critical thinking skills through problem solving • To enable learners to effectively apply suitable statistical tests in research • To sensitise students about the ethics involved in research and enable them to come up with innovative research designs • To equip learners to prepare research papers and project proposals

SECOND SEMESTER COURSES

ZL010201 FIELD ECOLOGY

Course Outcome • To provide the knowledge of animal adaptations to a variety of environment • To learn the different aspects of population and its interactions • To understand the natural resources and manmade issues on environment and its management

ZL010202 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Course Outcome • To introduce the concepts and process in developmental biology • To help students understand and appreciate the genetic mechanisms and the unfolding of the same during development • To expose the learner to the new developments in embryology and its relevance to Man

ZL010203 GENETICS AND BIOINFORMATICS

Course Outcome • To learn and understand the principles and mechanism of inheritance • To understand the significance of Genetics in Principle in heritance of traits in Man • To understand the role of genetics in evolution • To explore the emerging field of bioinformatics and to equip the students to takeup bioinformatics studies To study the fine structure of genetic material and molecular basis of hereditary transmission

ZL010204 MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Course Outcome • To provide an over view of the microbial world, its structure and function • To understand the fundamental aspects of the basic biology of bacteria and viruses • To give students an intensive and in-depth learning in the field of biotechnology • To familiarize the student with emerging field of biotechnology • To understand the modern biotechnology practices and approaches with an emphasis in technology application, medical, industrial, environmental and agricultural areas and nanomedicine • To familiarize the students with public policy, biosafety, and intellectual property rights issues related to biotechnology

THIRD SEMESTER COURSES

ZL010301 ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY

Course Outcome • To study and compare the functioning of organ systems across the animal world • To give an over view of the comparative functioning of different systems in animals • To learn more about human physiology

ZL010202 CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Course Outcome • To help study the structural and functional details of the basic unit of life at the molecular level • To motivate the learner to refresh and delve into the basics of cell biology •To introduce the new developments in molecular biology and its implications in human welfare

ZL010303 BIOPHYSICS, INSTRUMENTATION AND BIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

Course Outcome • To understand the biological system and processes based on physical principles • To provide and insight on the tools and techniques of various instruments available for biochemical and biophysical studies •  To train the learner the operational skills of different instruments required in Zoology

ZL010304 IMMUNOLOGY

Course Outcome • To provide an intensive and in-depth knowledge to the students in immunology • To help the learner to understand the role of immunology in human health and well-being • To familiarize the students the new developments in immunology

FOURTH SEMESTER COURSES

ZL800401 NUTRITION, GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGY OF FISHES

Course Outcome • To understand the basic principles of fish nutrition and the function of individual nutrients. • To learn functional physiology of fishes. • To impart knowledge on various aspects of fish biology

ZL800402 FISHERY RESOURCES AND MANAGEMENT

Course Outcome • To impart knowledge in inland and marine fishery resources of India • To educate the students on the oceanographic concepts related to fisheries • To impart theoretical knowledge on application of remote sensing and GIS in fisheries • To impart theoretical knowledge of benthic ecology. • To impart knowledge on interactions between aquaculture and the environment.

ZL800403 Fishery Science and Technology

Course Outcome • To understand the advances in aquaculture • To outline an overview on the potential marine resources for bioactive compounds and pharmaceuticals • To give detailed insight into various aspects of freezing of fish and thermal/heat processing. • To understand various aspects of quality assurance system, quality management and national/international certification system. • To learn factory sanitation and hygiene, water quality and standard • To provide information on various fish by-products and fishing methods

ZL800403 Fishery Science and Technology

Course Outcome • To understand the advances in aquaculture • To outline an overview on the potential marine resources for bioactive compounds and pharmaceuticals • To give detailed insight into various aspects of freezing of fish and thermal/heat processing. • To understand various aspects of quality assurance system, quality management and national/international certification system. • To learn factory sanitation and hygiene, water quality and standard • To provide information on various fish by-products and fishing methods

M. A. English

Programme Outcome

The programme aims to develop students’ competence with reference to Literature/Narratives in English, and also an awareness regarding both the historicity and contemporaneity of ‘language / communication’ and its interdisciplinary and global cultural aftermaths. The programme prepares students to reflect on the social and ethical dimensions of research and for careers in secondary and higher education, content development, creative visualisations, publishing, and translation. 

Course Outcome (COs)

SL.NO.	NAME OF THE COURSE	COURSE OUTCOME
1	Core Course 1: [EN010101] – Up Until Chaucer: Early Literatures in English	At the end of this course, the student will be able to make senseof the major themes in Ancientand Medieval English literature as an expression of Anglo-Saxon culture and society as it emerges into a Britain-consciousness; also, the student will be equipped to access and understand the personal experiences of people living in a society very different from our own.
2	Core Course 2: [EN010102] -Literatures of the English Renaissance	Objectives:The course is designed to familiarise the students with the literature, thought and culture of the Renaissance period in England, a historical watershed marking the transition from the medieval to the modern. It is also designed as a theoretical/critical reading of the era and the texts in the light of recent theoretical interventions like New Historicism and Cultural Materialism which had a special interest in Renaissance texts. Representative works of the period have been selected with a view to instilling in the students a capacity to appreciate Renaissance writings bearing the stamp of radical changes in the outlook and ways of life.
3	Semester 1 – Core Course 3: [EN010103] -Literatures of the English Revolution/ Enlightenment	This course familiarizes the learner with the English literary texts which reflect the austere Puritan ideals of the late seventeenth century, the neoclassical vigour of the eighteenth century considerably influenced by the philosophy of the Enlightenment and the perspectival shift manifested in the transitional literature towards the end of this era.
4	Core Course 4: [EN010104] -Nineteenth Century English Literatures	The course aims to familiarize students with the fundamental premises of the Romantic Movement and Victorian literature, their theoretical and ideological frameworks, and the major trends and offshoots across various genres. A rough time span of one and a half centurywhich witnessed an initial flowering of Romanticism, followed by the rapid growth of industrialization, scientific thinking and materialism all of which find expression in the texts chosen for study.
5	Core Course 5: [EN010105] – Literary Criticism	To familiarize the students with the key concepts and texts of literary criticism ever since its emergence, and to provide theoretical familiarity with the range, approaches, and mechanics of critique.
6	Core Course 6: [EN010201] – Modernity and Modernisms	To familiarize the students with the literary trends of the early twentieth century in the context of the sensibility of literary modernism in the wake of the World War.
7	Core Course 7: [EN010202] –Postmodernism and Beyond	This course aims to acquaint the learners with the postmodern works of literature which defy categorisation and prove to be experimental in nature, subverting what is conventionally revered as the norm. The learners are to be familiarised with the eclectic dimensions of postmodern thought as reflected in these literary works in which the boundaries that demarcate the different genres are often blurred. Such literature eludes fitting into the rigid frames of nomenclature and rejects the concepts of objectivity, absolute truth and the notion of the stratification into the high and the low culture. Further, it is keenly perceptive and critical of the underlying ideologies that nurture oppressive institutions. The emphasis is on acknowledging the heterogeneity of thought and articulation.
8	Core Course 8: [EN010203] -American Literatures	This course seeks to introduce the students to the most important branch of English literature belonging to the non- British tradition, The course attempts to provide detailed information to the student regarding the processes and texts chiefly responsible for the evolution of American Literature as a separate branch possessing characteristic features which sets it apart from others
9	Core Course 9: [EN010204] –English Language History and Contemporary Linguistics	To inculcate in the students awareness about the basic concepts of linguistics, the scientific study of language after initiating them into the history of English language.
10	Core Course 10: [EN010205] -Thinking Theory	This course aims at introducing students to certain core aspects of what is currently designated as ‘literary theory’ and also provideexposure to select current developments in this domain.
11	Core Course 11: [EN010301] -Reading India	The course is intended to provide an insight to the historical, cultural and literary heritage of India by acquainting the students with major movements and figures of Indian literature in English. Questions of language, nation and aesthetics figure prominently among the objectives of this course.
12	Core Course 12: [EN010302]-Postcolonial Fiction	To introduce the students to the discursive nature of colonialism, and the counter-discursive impulses of postcolonial theory, narratives and texts.
13	Core Course 13: [EN010303] -Body, Text and Performance	The objectives of the course include facilitating an understanding of the basic structural, thematic and theoretical patterns which govern the poetic process, especially in its relation to the performative or the theatrical.
14	Core Course 14: [EN010304] -Literature and Gender	The course seeks to highlight the historic, thematic and cultural concerns that literature attempts against the backdrop of gender issues. A theoretical framework is provided whereby gender issues are examined, paying special attention to the fundamental political, religious and social issues that shape gender relations, thereby viewing gender as a fluid rather than a mere fixed hetero-normative Male-Female concept.
15	Core Course 15: [EN010305]-Ethics in/as Literature	The main objective of this course is to familiarise the student with certain ‘ethics’ that narrative fiction has adopted across centuries, continents and languages. It is expected that the student will be introduced to the various ethical, formal choices that schools, influences and narrative devices have upheld so as to shape narrative fiction into its present expressive plurality.
16	Core Course 16: [EN010401]-Cultural Studies	To introduce students to certain interpretive strategies commonly employed in Cultural Studies. Emphasis is on overt interdisciplinary approaches to exploring how cultural processes and artifacts are produced, shaped, distributed, consumed, and responded to in diverse ways.
17	Core Course 17: [EN010402]-Postcolonial Poetry	To introduce the students to the diversityof poetry coming from the erstwhile coloniesof the European Colonial Empires. To clear the ground from where the student can see how, beyond the general discursive constellations, there are regional specifics that ‘in a hybrid mode’ negotiate issues of sovereignty, language, race, gender, identity and place.

M. A. Economics

Programme Outcomes

PO1. Acquire a full understanding of economic theory and with a firm grounding in the analytic methods of economic theory used by economists working in research, government, and business. 

PO2. Become equipped with the analytical tools of economics to have a holistic understanding of the economy in particular and the society in general. 

PO3. Apply economic concepts for model building and test the models using advanced methods and sophisticated economic tools, analysis interpretation and   formulation of development policies

PO4. Practise independent learning and gather awareness of recent research and state-of-the-art tools in applied for work in economics

PO5. Prepare for challenging careers   open to economists and get exposure to different facets of the discipline to learn how economists approach various issues.

Programme Specific Outcomes

PSO1. Gaining Access to Existing Knowledge: Students are able to create a continuous learning environment for engaging themselves to update with new knowledge in Economics. Locate published research in economics and related fields; locate information on particular topics and issues in economics; search out economic data as well as information about the meaning of the data and how they are derived.

PSO2. Displaying Command of Existing Knowledge: Students are able to demonstrate knowledge of theoretical and empirical bases underpinning the construction, implementation and interpretation of Economic theories and assessment techniques, and be able to assess the Economic and social consequences regarding the same. Summarize (in a 2-minute monologue or a 300-word written statement) what is known about the current condition of the economy; summarize the principal ideas of an eminent living economist; summarize a current controversy in the economics literature; state succinctly the dimensions of a current economic policy issue; explain key economic concepts and describe how they can be used.

PSO3. Displaying Ability to Draw Out Existing Knowledge: Write a precis of a published journal article; read and interpret a theoretical analysis, including simple mathematical derivations, reported in an economics journal article; read and interpret a quantitative analysis, including regression results, reported in an economics journal article; show what economic concepts and principles are used in economic analyses published in articles from newspapers and newsmagazines.

PSO4. Utilizing Existing Knowledge to Explore Issues: To take a rigorous, quantitative approach to solve economic problems and to build and test economic models, using sophisticated economics tools. Prepare a written analysis (of say, 5 pages) of a current economic problem; prepare a decision memorandum (of say, 2 pages) for a superior that recommends some action on an economic decision faced by the organization.

PSO5. Creating New Knowledge: Think critically, independently and creatively to synthesize concepts to formulate cases, issues, identify and formulate a question or series of questions about some economic issues that will facilitate investigation of the issue; prepare a 5-page proposal for a research project; complete a research study whose results are contained in a published paper.

Course Outcomes (COs) – Semester-wise

Semester	Course Code & Title	Course Outcome
I	EC010101 Microeconomics – I	Familiarize with basic concepts of microeconomics and acquire analytical skills to analyses problems of economic policy, understand relevant microeconomic concepts and evaluate critically theoretical arguments.
I	EC010102 Macroeconomics – I	Know of the major issues as they arise in the field of macroeconomics, understand alternative approaches to modeling consumption and investment and critically evaluate the usefulness of macroeconomic techniques.
I	EC010103 Development Economics	Understand and critically evaluate alternative theories of growth and familiarizing the recent literature, both empirical and analytical, on theories of underdevelopment and growth in developing countries
I	EC010104 Indian Economy-I	Appreciate the evolution of the economy, its institutional framework, nuances in using statistical information for analyzing public policy, and to get familiar with the pre-reform and post-reform development experiences of the Indian Economy
I	EC010105 Mathematical Methods for Economic Analysis	Understand, assimilate and thus capable of using the mathematics required for studying economics and be able to demonstrate understanding of static optimization and dynamic systems applicable to economics.
II	EC010201 Microeconomics – II	Acquaint with decision making in the context of market interdependence, complexity, uncertainty and informational asymmetry; give insights into developments in the areas of general equilibrium and welfare economics; and to enable the student to apply microeconomic principles in the areas of industrial organization, exchange, and welfare.
II	EC010202 Macroeconomics – II	Understand the strengths and weakness of the main macroeconomic tools and models used in modern macroeconomics; learn to evaluate and critically compare results in alternative macroeconomic models; and understand the importance and limitations of modelingassumptions for macroeconomic policy.
II	EC010203 Public Economics	Understanding the established concepts and theoretical results on collective choice, optimal income taxation, and the effects of income redistribution on the provision of public goods.
II	EC010204 Indian Economy – II	Know the various concepts used in the measurement of employment and unemployment by NSSO; explain the various dimensions of employment and unemployment in India; identify the income and non-income dimensions of poverty    and inequality; examine the status of India in terms of inclusive growth; and explain the policy implications on poverty, inequality and inclusive growth.
II	EC010205 Statistical Methods for Economic Analysis	Familiarize the use of the most common statistical tools and techniques encountered in economics for analysis of data with valid logical inferences and gain a clear understanding of the inferential statistics as well as the interpretation of data.
III	EC010301 International Economics	Understanding the broad principles and theories, which govern the free flow of international trade, with empirical evidence; get an exposure to the theoretical underpinnings and empirical evidence of the major trade policies followed both at national and international level.
III	EC010302 Econometrics – I	Understanding the appropriate econometric methods for analyzing data; interpret computer output for the estimation and testing of econometric relationships; and interpret and discuss results.
III	EC010303 Heterodox Economics	Revisit a set of economic concepts with a critical stance that concentrates on philosophical and methodological considerations and survey contemporary heterodox approaches to economic research, both from a microeconomic and a macroeconomic perspective.
III	EC010304 Environmental Economics	Equip with analytical skills that would enable the evaluation of environmental and economic policy issues and understand the economics of the relationship between economic activities and environmental impacts.
III	EC010305 Kerala Economy	Become aware of burning issues in agriculture, industrial and social sectors of Kerala economy and comprehend the ramifications that underline most of the observed phenomena in the Kerala’s economic scenario.
IV	EC010401 International Finance	Develop a theoretical exposition of different aspects of international finance and financial institutions in a historic cum emerging geopolitical context, equip with both fundamental knowledge in international finance, financial institutions and their application in real life.
IV	EC010402 Econometrics – II	Interpret the results from regression models involving panel data and instrumental variables; understand how to use instrumental variables, estimate binary response models; set up, estimate and analyze panel data regression models; understand the basic concepts of stationary and non- stationary time series; univariate and multivariate time series; integration and cointegration.
IV	EC800401 Agricultural Economics	Understand the concepts, significance and uses of production economics in an agricultural context; agricultural policies and its effect on sustainable agricultural development globalization and its impact on agricultural development; various kinds of risk in farming, risk management strategies and mechanisms and insurance policies; agro-food marketing and issues in agricultural markets.
IV	EC800402 Industrial Economics	Understand basic models of the behavior of firms and industrial organization and how they can be applied to policy issues; solve analytically problems relating to industrial economics; familiarize with the history of competition policy and the functioning of different experimental market institutions.
IV	EC800403 Labour Economics	Gather an empirical understanding of the labour market and the applications of formal theoretical models in labour economics to the Indian labour market.